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There is a universal meaning for studying the contract negotiations to improve the performance of the supply chain structure, which consists of competing multi-manufacturers and an independent and common retailer. Based on the characteristic that the retailer has stronger bargaining power, a Stackelberg game model where the retailer is a leader and the manufacturers are followers, was established...
It is common for a retailer to sell products from competing manufacturers. How then should the firms manage their contract negotiations? Different from market structures researched before, contracts serve as a tool for competition tools rather than coordinating the whole supply chain in our paper. We study our models between competing manufacturers who sell symmetric products, and a common retailer...
With two chains cooperation, Hinfin control methods of bullwhip effects in closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) networks are studied. In each chain, the products which hold by the consumer part are considered as the virtual inventory and the remanufacturing part is defined as a rate to the virtual inventory. The inventory state difference equations of the manufacturers, retailers and consumers are built...
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