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Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored proteins are found in all eukaryotes and are especially abundant on the surface of protozoan parasites such as Trypanosoma brucei. GPI‐mannosyltransferase‐I (GPI‐MT‐I) catalyzes the addition of the first of three mannoses that make up the glycan core of GPI. Mammalian and yeast GPI‐MT‐I consist of two essential subunits, the catalytic subunit PIG‐M/Gpi14...
Ergosterol is a prominent component of the yeast plasma membrane and essential for yeast cell viability. It is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transported to the plasma membrane by nonvesicular mechanisms requiring carrier proteins. Oxysterol‐binding protein homologues and yeast StARkin proteins have been proposed to function as sterol carriers. Although many of these proteins are capable...
Transbilayer lipid asymmetry is a fundamental characteristic of the eukaryotic cell plasma membrane (PM). While PM phospholipid asymmetry is well documented, the transbilayer distribution of PM sterols such as mammalian cholesterol and yeast ergosterol is not reliably known. We now report that sterols are asymmetrically distributed across the yeast PM, with the majority (~80%) located in the cytoplasmic...
The pan‐eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein Arv1 has been suggested to play a role in intracellular sterol transport. We tested this proposal by comparing sterol traffic in wild‐type and Arv1‐deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We used fluorescence microscopy to track the retrograde movement of exogenously supplied dehydroergosterol (DHE) from the plasma membrane (PM) to the ER...
Sterol transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM) occurs by an ATP‐dependent, non‐vesicular mechanism that is presumed to require sterol transport proteins (STPs). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, homologs of the mammalian oxysterol‐binding protein (Osh1‐7) have been proposed to function as STPs. To evaluate this proposal we took two approaches. First we used dehydroergosterol...
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