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In the last years, the increasing focus on energy savings is the key factor in the transformation of the legacy distribution grid toward the so called smart grid. One of the most evident, it is the wide diffusion, in some countries, of smart metering technologies for monitoring of customer electrical consumption. The proven benefits of this technology suggested to the Italian regulative agency the...
The adoption of IEC 61850 in the deployment of Substation Automation System opens new scenarios to system design. The presence of a communication infrastructure connecting Intelligent Electronic Device (IED), sensors and protections may suggest the development of distribute measurement devices, where the sampling of the physical quantities and the elaboration of the sampled value could be performed...
This paper deals with time synchronization of devices attached to a smart grid, whose accuracy tightly depends on the accurate estimation of the Time of Arrival (ToA) of the synchronization related messages sent over the power line communication systems. Usually smart grids are quite complex “systems of heterogeneous systems”: the aim of this paper is to suggest a ToA detection mechanism that can...
Clock synchronization is essential to support time-based medium access scheduling and distributed control over industrial networks relying on Real-Time Ethernet (RTE). PROFINET IO is one of the most widely used field-buses in large automation plants. The PROFINET IO Isochronous Real Time (IRT) implementation includes a Precision Transparent Clock Protocol (PTCP) for network-level synchronization....
This work deals with distributed, multi-probe, instrument for performance analysis of Real-Time Ethernet (RTE) network Particularly, the work is focused on synchronization techniques for distributed measurements. In fact, the accuracy of results (typically jitter and delay) strictly depends on synchronization among distributed probes that sample data. Three synchronization techniques have been implemented...
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