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Catalytic steam reforming of phenol over Ni/Al2O3 catalyst with 10wt% of Ni loading was carried out in a fixed bed reactor. The effect of temperature (650–800°C), reaction time (20–80min) and catalyst amount (0–2g corresponding to 0–4.5gcathgphenol−1) on carbon conversion, H2 potential and catalyst deactivation was studied. High efficiency of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst in steam reforming of phenol is observed...
Biomass residue is one of the raw materials of most interest as a source of renewable energy. There are three major types of biomasses to obtain energy: lipids, sugars/starches and cellulose/lignocellulose. The estimate of the gross calorific value (PCS), whose determination methods require long periods and are relatively expensive, is crucial in the analysis and development of bioenergy systems....
Co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and lignocellulosic biomass has been studied in order to improve the composition of the bio-oil derived from sewage sludge fast pyrolysis as well as progress on the viability of this waste valorization. Fast pyrolysis of a mixture of 50wt.% sewage sludge and 50wt.% pinewood sawdust has been carried out in continuous mode at 500°C in a conical spouted bed reactor (CSBR)...
The steam gasification of different mixtures of biomass and high density polyethylene (0wt%, 25%, 50% and 100% of HDPE) has been carried out in continuous mode in a conical spouted bed gasifier, and the results have been compared with those obtained feeding pure biomass and HDPE. The experiments have been carried out at 900°C and using a steam/(biomass+plastic) mass ratio of 1. Olivine has been used...
The upgrading of Scrap Tire Pyrolysis Oil (STPO) has been studied in order to remove undesired sulfur, nitrogen and unsaturated compounds while improving the properties of its different fractions (naphtha, diesel and gasoil) toward being used as a potential blend in the refinery. The studied catalysts are NiMo supported on 5 porous materials: γ-Al2O3 (ALM catalyst), SiO2–Al2O3 (ASA), SBA-15 (SBA),...
A methodology is proposed based on thermogravimetric analysis, deconvolution of the DTG signal and empirical correlations for characterizing biomass fuels for boilers and combustors. This methodology allows determining accurately and in a short time the main parameters required for industrial operation, as are the higher heating value (HHV), the contents of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon,...
The fast pyrolysis of rice husk has been performed in the 400–600°C range in a continuous pyrolysis bench-scale plant equipped with a conical spouted bed reactor (CSBR) with continuous removal of the char. In this paper it is studied the influence of temperature on product yields and products composition (gas, bio-oil and char) as well as the effect over the char properties. Bio-oil yield is very...
The steam gasification of high density polyethylene in continuous mode has been carried out in a conical spouted bed reactor. The effect of temperature (in the 800–900°C range) and steam/plastic mass ratio (between 0 and 2) on the distribution of products (gas and tar) and their composition has been studied. In order to reduce tar formation, two catalysts have been used in situ, namely, olivine and...
Biomass oxidative pyrolysis is of great interest from the point of view of large-scale bio-oil production in autothermal regime. A study has been carried out in thermobalance with different oxygen concentrations (5, 10 and 20vol.%) in the inlet gas stream in order to analyze the effect of oxygen on the lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis process and establish a kinetic model for oxidative pyrolysis...
The upgrading of LCO (Light Cycle Oil), which is an aromatic stream from FCC units, has been studied in order to obtain naphtha and medium distillates. The catalysts used have metallic functions of Pd, Pt and Pt–Pd, supported on acid materials of different porous structure and different acidity (HY zeolites, Hβ zeolite, amorphous alumina and an FCC catalyst). The experiments have been carried out...
The hydrothermal stability of catalysts prepared from HZSM-5 zeolites doped with Ni (by impregnation) has been studied in the transformation of bioethanol into hydrocarbons, in order to remove the main barrier for the use of HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts in this process, which is the irreversible deactivation by dealumination of the zeolite above 400°C with water in the reaction medium. The main effect...
Continuous pyrolysis of scrap tyres has been carried out in a conical spouted bed reactor and the results (yields, composition of the volatile fraction and carbon black properties) have been compared with those obtained operating in batch mode in a previous study. Continuous operation in the 425–600°C range gives way to a yield of 1.8–6.8wt.% of gases, 44.5–55.0wt.% of liquid fraction (C 5 ...
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