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In smart grid, the frequency regulation can be provided by both the automatic generation control (AGC) and the demand-side regulation, and the regulation errors increase the electricity costs to the utility company. The demand-side regulation adopts a hierarchical communication architecture, and the data aggregator unit (DAU) may suffer from congestions which consequently increase the costs to the...
In this study, cooperative relaying is proposed to reduce the packets loss rate in the communications between the utility company and the consumers. We establish a cost model based on the statistical analysis with the regulation errors of a direct load control method in smart grid. Specifically, we model the average cost of generation-side regulation using the combinational cost of the generating...
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