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An optical-based experimental study of the injector deposit effect on a multi-hole GDI injector was performed first. After carefully calibrating the spray model with the experiment data, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was then carried out to study the deposit effect on the air/fuel mixture preparation process in an optical research GDI engine. Six different injection...
Crystallization behavior of coal slag influences the slag flow and rheology properties in the slagging gasifier. Crystallization behavior of coal slag during isothermal molten process was observed and analyzed on the in situ experiment study. Complex aluminosilicates reaction led crystal to separate out in molten slag, mainly including the hexahedral crystal and acicular crystal, which varied with...
In order to research puffing characteristics of biodiesel-butanol blends, single droplet experiments of BUT25 and BUT75 were conducted under the condition of atmospheric pressure and 800°C. Experimental results showed that BUT25 only demonstrated core mode, while BUT75 demonstrated both surface and core mode simultaneously. The core mode was a periodic process including bubble nucleation, bubble expansion...
Under 900W, the effects of microwave irradiation time on the solid concentration, rheology and static stability of lignite water slurry (LWS) were investigated. The results showed that with the gradual increase of microwave irradiation time the hydrated film on lignite became thinner and it contributed to the maximum solid concentration of lignite increased from 51.63% to 55.30% (irradiated for 12min)...
The flash boiling sprays in a single-cylinder optical gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine were studied using phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) and high-speed photography. Initially, the factors which may influence the in-cylinder measurement reliability of PDPA were carefully examined under atmospheric conditions. Afterwards, engine experiments were conducted under idle and wide open throttle...
2-Methyl tetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) is one of the promising second-generation biofuel candidates, raising increasing interest because of the recent breakthrough in producing 2-MTHF from biomass. As a potential gasoline extender and renewable oxygenate, its high energy density and avoidance of competing with food make it attractive compared with ethanol. In the current work, the laminar burning characteristics...
The effects of deposit on the spray macroscopic characteristics and droplet behaviour under flash boiling condition were investigated through high speed imaging and Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) techniques. Closely coupled split injection strategy was tried to alleviate the negative effect of deposit on spray characteristics. It was found that with single injection strategy, deposit led to...
Alkylate is an ideal blending component for motor gasoline. The alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene to produce high-quality alkylate was catalyzed by several amide-AlCl3-based ionic liquid (IL) analogues with different structures and CuCl modification. The influences of the amide structure, amide/AlCl3 molar ratio, and CuCl modification on the catalytic performance were investigated in an autoclave...
Catalytic steam gasification of an Inner Mongolia lignite for hydrogen-rich gas production was investigated in a decoupled triple bed reaction system with olivine and Ni/olivine as both solid heat carrier and in-situ tar cracking/reforming catalyst. In the system, tar cracking/reforming, pyrolysis/gasification, and char combustion reactions are decoupled into three separated reactors, i.e. a reformer,...
A laboratory-scale circulating fluidized bed combustion experiment was performed to investigate the retention mechanism and transformation behavior of trace elements (TEs) during co-combustion of coal gangue (CG) with soybean stalk (SS). Chemical sequential extraction was conducted to determine the associations of the TEs. Results show that the distribution and transformation behavior of the selected...
The oxidative aging effect of asphalt binder was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation in this study. Representative molecular models of aged asphalt were built by introducing ketone and sulfoxide function groups into virgin asphalt. The asphalt molecular models were validated in terms of thermodynamic properties such as density, surface energy, viscosity, and cohesive energy density. The...
It is well known that premixed and non-premixed flamelets coexist in the combustion system, especially for multiphase combustion (Luo et al., 2011; Bai et al., 2016). In this work, a multi-regime combustion model for partially premixed multiphase combustion (2PMC) is developed in the framework of large eddy simulation (LES). In this model, the multi-regime combustion mode is decomposed into two pure...
In coal-bed methane (CBM) reservoirs, gas is mainly stored in matrix as adsorbed gas and the cleats are commonly saturated with water. To produce the adsorbed gas, the cleat pressure should be reduced to critical desorption pressure by dewatering first. But how to dewater more efficiently is a difficult issue. Apparently low dewatering rate is uneconomical due to excessive development times required...
The pelletization of MgO-based sorbents is necessary before implementing intermediate temperature CO2 capture for industrial applications. In the current work, MgO-based sorbent pellets were prepared using an extrusion–spheronization method, with the aim of achieving an effective granulation method for MgO sorbents. Another objective of this investigation is attempting to find out the differences...
Elemental mercury (Hg0) removal via adsorption using a derived bio-char from waste tea and then modified by NH4Cl has been studied. The effect of the following parameters on elemental mercury removal efficiency was investigated: loading of NH4Cl, ultrasound treatment method, space velocity, reaction temperature and flue gas composition. The optimum loading of NH4Cl was found to be 5wt.%. The Hg0 removal...
Co-pyrolysis of lignite with direct coal liquefaction residue (DCLR) is a promising method in the field of clean coal technology. To investigate the influence of DCLR fraction on the physico-chemical structure and combustion reactivity of the co-pyrolysis chars, char samples with different mass fraction of lignite and DCLR were prepared in a quartz tube fixed-bed reactor at 550°C. Then the physico-chemical...
Coal plays an important role in the Chinese energy source. The heavy metals released from combustion process stay in the environment and are not easily degraded. This paper examines 8 coal samples from China. It explores the content, characteristics, transformation and control of heavy metals through the microwave digestion, sequential chemical extraction, static burning test and X-ray diffraction...
This article is devoted to investigating the contributions of char-N and volatile-N to NOx formation from fluidized bed combustion of high-nitrogen fuel (distilled spirited lees (DSL)) in steam-rich atmospheres, to make clear the effect of steam on NOx reduction and the related mechanisms. The char and the volatile prepared by pyrolysis of the DSL were subjected to combustion tests in a fluidized...
Mercury released from wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) devices can be inhibited by additives that can transfer mercury to its solid phase. However, the use of additives increases the mercury content in desulfurization gypsum, and the mercury is released again during the calcination process. In this study, NaHS, 2,4,6-trimercaptotiazine, trisodium salt nonahydrate (Na3(C3N3S3)·9H2O, or TMT) and...
Porosity is considered one of the most important rock physics parameter when evaluating a gas shale reservoir’s production potential. The measurement of total porosity by the gas injection porosimetry (GIP) method in these low permeability rocks with complex mineralogy has usually proven to be challenging. It is not rare for results to vary from different laboratories but the reasons behind these...
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