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High-precision experiments have been done to test the Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) for electrons by searching for anomalous K-series X-rays from a Cu target supplied with electric current. With the highest sensitivity the VIP (VIolation of Pauli Exclusion Principle) experiment set an upper limit at the level of 10−29 for the probability that an external electron captured by a Cu atom can make the...
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