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Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is commonly used to evaluate peripheral sensory function in neuropathic conditions. QST measures vary in repeated measurements of normal subjects but it is not known whether QST can reflect small changes in epidermal nerve fiber density (ENFd). This study evaluated QST measures (touch, mechanical pain, heat pain and innocuous cold sensations) for differences between...
The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) is an area of the brainstem involved in the descending modulation of nociception at the level of the spinal cord. Although the RVM is involved in the inhibition or facilitation of nociception, the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Here we examined the role of the neuropeptide substance P and neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors located in the RVM on withdrawal...
Accumulating evidence suggests that cannabinoids can produce antinociception through peripheral mechanisms. In the present study, we determined whether cannabinoids attenuated existing hyperalgesia produced by a mild heat injury to the glabrous hindpaw and whether the antihyperalgesia was receptor-mediated. Anesthetized rats received a mild heat injury (55 o C for 30 s) to one hindpaw. Fifteen...
Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that cannabinoids administered intravenously attenuate the duration of nocifensive behavior and block the development of hyperalgesia produced by intraplantar injection of capsaicin. In the present study, we extended these observations and determined whether cannabinoids attenuate capsaicin-evoked pain and hyperalgesia through spinal and peripheral...
Quantitative sensory testing of heat pain sensation has become an important tool to evaluate small caliber afferent nerve function in peripheral neuropathy. In earlier studies, we found that topical application of capsaicin in humans results in the loss of epidermal nerve fibers (ENFs) with a corresponding decrease in detection of heat pain sensation. Capsaicin may therefore be a useful model for...
Recent studies suggest that opioids can produce analgesia through peripheral mechanisms following inflammation of peripheral tissue. This study examined whether opioids administered prior to inflammation can produce antinociception by peripheral mechanisms in a model of visceral pain. Mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1% acetic acid to evoke abdominal writhing, a standard model of visceral...
Withdrawal responses to heat and mechanical stimuli applied to the plantar surface of the rat hindpaw were measured before and after an intraplantar injection of capsaicin. In separate groups of rats, capsaicin doses of 1, 10 and 30 μg, and the vehicle were given into the center of the plantar surface in a volume of 10 μl. Withdrawal latency evoked by radiant heat and the frequency of withdrawal evoked...
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