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Background and Aims
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can help people to quit smoking combusted tobacco products (CTPs), but most current and former smokers who use ENDS also intend to quit ENDS. This analysis measured whether ENDS cessation among current and former CTP smokers is associated with changes in CTP smoking or abstinence.
Design
Regression analysis of a nationally representative...
Background and Aims
To determine whether transdiagnostic risk, represented as elevations in one high‐risk personality trait, interacts with behavior‐specific risk, represented as elevated expectancies for reinforcement from either drinking or smoking, to account partly for early adolescent drinking and smoking behavior.
Design
Multiple regression analysis.
Setting
Twenty‐three public schools...
Background and aims
Probability discounting refers to the effect of outcome uncertainty on decision making. Using probability discounting, we examined the degree to which self‐identified chronic pain patients (CPP) were likely to try a novel analgesic medication given increasing addiction risk. We postulated that propensity for opioid misuse, trait impulsivity and previous opioid experience would...
Background and aims
Among US high school students, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are associated with numerous concurrent and future harms. We tested whether multiple elementary school personality dispositions to behave impulsively can predict these addictive behaviors invariably across gender and race.
Design and Setting
This longitudinal design involved testing whether individual differences...
Aims
To assess the impact of a reduction in the nicotine content of cigarettes on estimated consumption of reduced nicotine cigarettes and usual brand cigarettes at a variety of hypothetical prices.
Design
Double‐blind study with participants assigned randomly to receive cigarettes for 6 weeks that were either usual brand or an investigational cigarette with one of five nicotine contents.
Setting...
Both depression and substance use disorders represent major global public health concerns and are often co‐occurring. Although there are ongoing discoveries regarding the pathophysiology and treatment of each condition, common mechanisms and effective treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance abuse remain elusive. Mindfulness training has been shown recently to benefit both depression and...
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