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This paper discusses a novel model, based on Activity-Based Costing, developed to analyze and predict energy usage in the manufacturing industry. In this approach, we have modified a cost management tool called Activity-Based Costing (ABC) to include environmental aspects along with costs metrics. A case study was performed on a General Motors (GM) manufacturing facility to evaluate Demand and Response...
Preparation for global movement to urban regions requires a holistic study of infrastructure interactions. The impact of water and energy on one another has been studied to show how they are dependent upon one another. Other infrastructure interactions also are vital to designing more sustainable cities. The primary infrastructures are: water, energy, land use, and transportation. Creating more sustainable...
REs consist of the fourteen lanthanide group metals, Scandium, and Yttrium and are critical for advanced technologies, green technologies, and defense technologies. Nearly 200 minerals contain >0.01% RE metals but only a dozen have high enough quantities to be economically extractable. In this article, we will review the need for rare earth recycling, options available to recycle rare earth metals,...
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