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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The release of inflammatory cytokines and pro-oxidant molecules from microglia has been shown to play a key role in the pathology of MS. Thus, suppression of microglial cell activation is an attractive therapeutic option. Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has been shown to suppress...
Microglia are generally considered the immune cells of the central nervous system. Recent studies have demonstrated that under specific polarization conditions, microglia develop into two different phenotypes, termed M1‐like and M2‐like microglia. However, the phenotypic characteristics of M1‐like‐ and M2‐like‐polarized microglia and the mechanisms that regulate polarization are largely unknown. In...
Remyelination is disrupted in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, but the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we employed the murine cuprizone model of demyelination, in which remyelination occurs after removal of the toxin from the diet, to examine the cellular and molecular changes during demyelination and remyelination. Microglia accumulated in the corpus...
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