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The proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin (IL) 1β have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, but the intracellular signaling of these cytokines in glial cells is not fully understood. TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) plays a key role in signal transduction in the TNF receptor superfamily and the IL-1 receptor superfamily. In this...
One feature of neuropathic pain is a reduced spinal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic inhibitory function. However, the mechanisms behind this attenuation remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the spinal GABA neuron loss and reduced GABA neuron excitability in spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model of neuropathic pain in mice. The importance of...
To date, patients with bony metastases were only a small fraction of the samples studied, or they were entirely excluded. Patients with metastatic cancers, such as bone metastases, are more likely to report pain, compared to patients without metastatic cancer (50–74% and 15%, respectively). Their cancer pain results in substantial morbidity and disrupted quality of life in 34–45% of cancer patients...
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