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Ghrelin, an acylated 28-amino peptide secreted in the gastric endocrine cells, has been demonstrated to stimulate the release of growth hormone, increase food intake, and inhibit pro-inflammatory cascade, etc. Ghrelin mainly combines with its receptor (GHS-R1α) to play the role in physiological and pathological functions. It has been reported that ghrelin plays important roles in the control of pain...
Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide that actively protects against cardiovascular ischemic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used CoCl 2 to mimic hypoxic conditions in cardiac H9c2 cells in order to study the mechanism by which ghrelin protects cardiac myocytes against hypoxic injury by regulating the content of intracellular ROS and autophagy levels. Cell apoptosis...
Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and NPVF, two closely NPFF related peptides, have different affinities for the two NPFF receptors (NPFF 1 and NPFF 2 ). To assess the peripheral effects of NPFF receptors in the gastrointestinal tract motility, NPFF and NPVF were tested in the mouse isolated distal colon. Both NPFF (1–15μM) and NPVF (1–15μM) dose-dependently caused significant colonic contractions...
In the present study, two analogues containing N-Me-Gly (Sarcosine, Sar) were synthesized to further investigate the structural-activity relationships of orphanin FQ/nociceptin (OFQ/NC, NC). The replacement of Gly 2 or Gly 3 with Sar increased the flexibility and decreased the hydrophobicity of the N-terminal tetrapeptide. The activity of the analogues was investigated in a series...
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