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In eukaryotic cells, there is much evidence to indicate that the replication of the mitochondrial genome is carried out by a specific DNA polymerase named DNA polymerase gamma. In the yeast S. cerevisiae, a DNA polymerase gamma has been partially purified and the gene encoding the catalytic subunit identified. The characteristics of this enzyme are the same as those found in higher eukaryotes, except...
HIV-1 RT is able to catalyze DNA synthesis starting from mononucleotides used both as minimal primers and as nucleotide substrates (de novo synthesis) in the presence of a complementary template. The rate of this process is rather slow when compared to the polymerization primed by an oligonucleotide. The addition of tRNA Lys,3 to this system increased the de novo synthesis...
In the interaction between HIV-1 RT and tRNA Lys3 each subunit of the heterodimer interacts with tRNA showing a different affinity: K d (p66) = 23 nM, K d (p51) = 140 nM. Preincubation of heterodimeric RT with tRNA, at concentrations similar to that of the K d value for p51, leads to an increase of the catalytic activity on poly(A)-oligo(dT). These...
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