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Occurrence of the adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins as family sets the challenge to achieve a complete network analysis. Along this route taken for a well-suited model organism (chicken), we fill the remaining gap to characterize its seventh member known from rat as galectin-related inter-fiber protein (GRIFIN) in the lens. Its single-copy gene is common to vertebrates, with one or more deviations...
Many human proteins have a modular design with receptor and structural domains. Using adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-3 as model, we describe an interdisciplinary strategy to define the functional significance of its tail established by nine non-triple helical collagen-like repeats (I–IX) and the N-terminal peptide. Genetic engineering with sophisticated mass spectrometric product analysis provided...
Spectroscopic monitoring is applied to detect structural alterations for homodimeric adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins. Mammalian galectin-1 and the avian ortholog CG-1B, due to their distinct patterns of cysteine positioning, can undergo oxidation. When monitoring tryptophan fluorescence anisotropy comparatively, an indicator of structural changes affecting rotational diffusion, segmental motion...
Adhesion and spreading of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells on fibronectin-rich extracellular matrices is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). In the present study we explored the capacity of galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding endogenous lectin, to inhibit early PVR-associated cellular events from a therapeutic perspective. We assessed the relative expression...
The glycan part endows cellular glycoconjugates with significant potential for biological recognition. N-Glycan branches often end with α2,3/α2,6-sialylation, posing the question whether and how placement of the sialic acid at 3´- or 6´-acceptor positions of galactose has cell biological relevance. As attractive model to study developmental regulation we monitored the expression of α2,3/α2,6-sialylated...
In our recent publication, we defined core aspects of the carbohydrate specificity of domain-I of recombinant tandem-repeat-type galectin-4 from rat gastrointestinal tract (G4-N), especially its potent interaction with the linear tetrasaccharide Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc (Iβ1-3L). The assumed role of galectin-4 as a microvillar raft stabilizer/organizer and as a malignancy-associated factor in hepatocellular...
When imagining to monitor animal cells through a microscope with resolution at the molecular level, a salient attribute of their surfaces will be the abundance of glycan chains. They present galactosides at their termini widely extending like tentacles into the extracellular space. Their spatial accessibility and their potential for structural variability endow especially these glycan parts with capacity...
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