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This paper presents assessments of ITU's predicted rainfall intensities against measurements acquired from a campaign in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Data for a period of twenty months were collected between 1996 and 1998. The statistical analyses involve generation of annual cumulative distributions. Predicted values generated using established ITU-R rainfall intensity prediction models are compared with...
Free-space optics (FSO) is subject of interest for researchers due to its various advantages like high bandwidth, low setup cost, easy installation, license free spectrum and secure communication. Although there are various advantages of using FSO but when it comes to its implementation FSO links are highly affected by various weather factors like fog, rain, snow, smoke and smog. Among all these factors...
The influence of fog on optical wireless links is highly depending on the used wavelength. Experiments, measurements and simulations showed much lower attenuations on larger wavelengths (up to 10 μm). These results play an important role for the corresponding use of FSO links starting from terrestrial links towards space applications. It is intended to interconnect well-proved technologies like 850...
Various measurement campaigns have been carried out at different locations by several institutes to study the weather effects, mainly fog, on Free-space optical (FSO) links. Link distance between the FSO transceiver is different for most of the measurement campaigns depending upon the installation and the weather conditions. Specific attenuation with the unit of dB/km is widely used for the detailed...
Liquid water content (LWC) is a microphysical parameter which is used to characterize fog/cloud. Higher density of LWC depicts dense fog, significantly reducing visibility and causing performance degradation of free-space optical links for a non-negligible amount of time. This paper presents and analyzes 5 months real time data of LWC, visibility and optical attenuation measured simultaneously in...
Optical wireless communication has the tremendous potential to support high data rate demanding future communication applications. However, the weather influenced reduced availability has been the hindrance for widespread growth of optical wireless communication technology. Among different attenuating factors, fog is the most critical that causes significant attenuation for non negligible time. In...
A technique of modeling the fog droplet size distributions using exponential distribution has been demonstrated. In order to compute the two parameters of the exponential distribution, two experimental measurements are required, which are the measurement of liquid water content (LWC) and the optical attenuations at visible wavelength. The two measurements are used to form two equations, which are...
The fast growth in communication systems has resulted congestion in lower frequency bands and microwave link designers are forced to explore higher and higher frequencies. Rain is a dominant source of attenuation at higher frequencies and consequently degrades the system performance in tropical and subtropical regions. The knowledge of rain fade and it's performance is essential in order to optimize...
The power line communications has been applied as a data transfer method in both public electricity distribution networks and indoor distribution networks. The industrial low voltage distribution network may be utilized as a communication channel to data transfer required by the on-line condition monitoring of electric motors. The advantage of using power-line data transfer is that it does not require...
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