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The forecast data of the renewable energy generation and loads cannot be exactly accurate because of their intermittence and fluctuation characteristics. To handle this problem, a probabilistic chance-constrained model for day-ahead scheduling is proposed in this paper. The proposed model is established not only by the aggregated scenarios but also by the eliminated ones which are used in chance constraints...
The joints of Au60AgCu alloy to silver and copper plated wire were obtained by using Sn63Pb solder, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the brazing joints were investigated. The shear strength and the reliability of joints after the high and low temperature test were evaluated in this study.
Three-dimensional structure has been achieved using interlayer connecting technology with double-side solder bump and the lifetime of the solder joints under thermal shock test has been forecasted by finite element method. The simulation result presents that the stress at the interface between 0.76mm solder bump and PCB is evidently higher than that in other places. The interface between 0.76mm solder...
Sintering of metal nanopaste (NP) has been proposed as an alternative in die-attach bonding for the soldering to overcome such high operation temperature in wide-gap semiconductor power devices. Silver (Ag) NP as one of the candidates has some obstacles for mass production due to the high cost of Ag and vulnerability to the electrochemical migration. In the present study, the authors developed a simple...
With the development of space electronic products, spacecraft electronic devices tend to diversify and the structures become complicated gradually. In addition, the tight expense control of electronic products promotes the localization of devices, In which a variety of domestic devices have been used. The brass(Cu-Zn alloy) pins plated with gold(Au) and tin lead(SnPb) layers have poor solderability...
This paper is initial on the model of Trans-regional centralized transaction focusing on the matching method and loss allocation. Firstly, to build the Trans-regional centralized multilateral matchmaking transaction, the two-step network flow optimization model is put forward, basing on the theory of network flow. The optimization models take maximum social welfare as the objective, while considering...
Wind power producers have begun to participate in electricity market in some developed countries. This paper presents a model for wind power flexible electricity contract (WPFEC) and focuses on the problem of contract scheduling. Stochastic dynamic programming approach is described for sequential decision making under uncertainty that allows wind power producers to maximize their revenue. Autoregressive...
Due to the serious problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the microgrid and electric vehicles(EV) are getting more and more attention. The energy supply mode of EVs can be divided into two types, which are plug-in charging mode and battery swapping mode. The plug-in charging mode is divided into two types in terms of coordination. In this paper the dispatching models of microgrid...
Active distribution network is an effective way to accommodate intermittent renewable energy and a realization of smart grid. There are distributed power resources in active distribution network and the load can be adjusted. The traditional deterministic model is no longer able to evaluate the risk accurately. To deal with the randomness and uncertainty in active distribution network, a hybrid Monte...
The adequacy assessment of generation system including wind farm is a complicated process due to the inherent uncertainty of wind power generation. To evaluate the reliability benefit of the integration of wind power properly, it is critical to model the stochastic characteristics of wind power generation accurately. Considering that wind power output highly depends on wind speed, several methods...
The fault resistance of HVDC transmission lines is one of the sensitive and significant factors to affect the parameters of travelling wave and the performance of fault location. Therefore explicit fault location of high grounding resistance is proposed lines in this paper. S transform is applied to analyze travelling wave to demonstrate the characteristic and variation in time-frequency domain. The...
The power system that only consists of traditional generators is easy to assess the reliability using Monte Carlo simulation because the generator can be seen as a two-state model. But the wind turbine generator cannot be treated as a two-state model in a power system with large scale wind power for the randomness and intermittent of wind. However, a simplified equivalent method of wind farm for reliability...
Due to the modularity, scalability and low loss compared with the traditional VSC converter, MMC based converter has raised a research hotspot in the field of direct-current transmission and direct-current distribution. Different from the direct-current transmission, the voltage level for direct-current distribution is relative low, resulting in a relative low level of the output waveforms. So the...
Electric sector is confronting with ever increasing challenges. On one hand, due to fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution problems, generation investment needs to be considered in more volatile and risky context. On the other hand, with augmenting multinational grid interconnection and power exchanges, cross-border transmission and generation investment becomes mutually dependent. In response...
The wind model based on Markov process was proposed to determine the best installed capacity of wind farm. Firstly, piecewise probability distribution model based on Markov process was proposed to establish the scheduling multiple state probability distribution of wind power. Secondly, the probability production simulation method using the sequential convolution and non-sequential convolution was...
An important purpose of building VSC-HVDC is to eliminate the overload and optimize the power flow in electric power network. From the points of the transmission network, a VSC-HVDC in electric power network influences the two end nodes' injection power of DC transmission line virtually and the injection power will further influence the distribution of branch power. The elimination of overload in...
Due to similar meteorological conditions, neighboring wind farm outputs are correlated, which usually results in amplified uncertainty. However, wind power is assumed to be independent in traditional transmission planning, causing potential risks in wind integration and power system security. This paper initially proposes a transmission planning approach considering correlation of wind power. The...
Confronting environmental problems and unbalanced geographical distribution of energy resources and load centers, grid interconnection has been regarded as a promising approach to achieve complementary and efficient utilization of diverse energy resources. This paper employs linear programming techniques to investigate the environmental and economic benefits of multilateral power grid interconnection...
Economic and safe operation of the power industry is a critical foundation to support socio-economic development. In order to accurately assess the economic and operation efficiency for the power transmission system, the influential factors were analyzed in this paper, which used to establish the index system that consisted by critical indexes of power. What's more, the influence of grid-connected...
Grid-connected photovoltaic generation is developing rapidly throughout the world and photovoltaic suppliers have begun to participate in electricity market in some developed countries. This paper presents a bilateral contract model for photovoltaic power and provides trading strategy for photovoltaic suppliers to allocate electricity between contract market and spot market. Autoregressive moving...
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