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Commonsense causal discourse requires a language with which to express varying degrees of causal connectedness. This paper presents a commonsense language for reasoning about action and causation whose semantics is expressed by way of counterfactuals. Causal relations are analyzed along several dimensions including notions of resource consumption, degree of responsibility, instrumentality, and degree...
A stratified view of causal reasoning is set forth; one in which the identification of counterfactual dependencies plays an important role in determining what sort of causal connection, if any, exists between two events named by a given pair of partial descriptions. A semantics for temporal counterfactuals in which events are represented at the object level is then formalized based on a syntactic...
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