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The Kaluza–Klein fermion excitations induce mixing between the Standard Model fermions and loss of universality. The flavour mixing not present in the Standard Model can be made to vanish aligning the Yukawa couplings and the Dirac masses of the heavy modes, but universality is only recovered when these masses go to infinity. This implies a bound on the lightest new heavy quark, M 1 ≳3–5 TeV,...
We use the effective Lagrangian formalism to describe quark mixing. The new W + /-, Z and H couplings generalizing the CKM matrix and the GIM mechanism fulfill relations and inequalities which allow to discriminate among different SM extensions. As a by-product we give a useful parameterization of the generalized CKM matrix. We also show that the largest possible departures from the SM predictions...
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