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Aphelids are a poorly known group of parasitoids of algae that have raised considerable interest due to their pivotal phylogenetic position. Together with Cryptomycota and the highly derived Microsporidia, they have been recently re-classified as Opisthosporidia, being the sister group to fungi. Despite their huge diversity, as revealed by molecular environmental studies, and their phylogenetic interest,...
We investigated the phylogeny of tintinnids (Ciliophora, Tintinnida) with 62 new SSU-rDNA sequences from single cells of 32 marine and freshwater species in 20 genera, including the first SSU-rDNA sequences for Amphorides, Climacocylis, Codonaria, Cyttarocylis, Parundella, Petalotricha, Undella and Xystonella, and 23 ITS sequences of 17 species in 15 genera. SSU-rDNA phylogenies suggested a basal...
Culture-independent molecular methods based on the amplification, cloning and sequencing of small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes (SSU rDNAs) are powerful tools to study the diversity of microorganisms. Despite so, the eukaryotic microbial diversity of many ecosystems, including peatlands has not yet received much attention. We analysed the eukaryotic diversity by molecular surveys in water from the centre...
The order Noctilucales or class Noctiluciphyceae encompasses three families of aberrant dinoflagellates (Noctilucaceae, Leptodiscaceae and Kofoidiniaceae) that, at least in some life stages, lack typical dinoflagellate characters such as the ribbon-like transversal flagellum or condensed chromosomes. Noctiluca scintillans, the first dinoflagellate to be described, has been intensively investigated...
The dinoflagellate genus Ceratium contains marine and freshwater species. Freshwater species possess six cingular plates, thick plates in the concave ventral area and usually develop a third hypothecal horn. The marine Ceratium species (>62 species) possess five cingular plates and thin plates in the concave ventral area; a third hypothecal horn is atypical. Resting cysts, a common feature in the...
Previous environmental surveys of eukaryotic diversity using the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene have revealed many clone sequences that branch near the base of Fungi. In this work, we demonstrate that many of these sequences, including those of the environmental clade LKM11, form a monophyletic and strongly supported group that also includes two sequences derived from the parasitic genus...
A flagellate predator, Aurigamonas solis n. gen., n. sp., with numerous radiating axopodia-like appendages, has been isolated in culture from soils. Despite its heliozoan-like appearance, Aurigamonas is not a sit-and-wait predator but a mobile hunter and its stiff appendages are not microtubule-supported axopodia but elongate haptopodia, each supported by a cylindrical core of microfilaments and bearing...
A single or double amino acid insertion at the monomer–monomer junction of the universal eukaryotic protein polyubiquitin is unique to Cercozoa and Foraminifera, closely related ‘core’ phyla in the protozoan infrakingdom Rhizaria. We screened 11 other candidate rhizarians for this insertion: Radiozoa (polycystine and acantharean radiolaria), a ‘microheliozoan’, and Apusozoa; all lack it, supporting...
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