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Mitochondria are essential organelles for neuronal survival and function through ATP generation, calcium buffering, and apoptotic signaling. Due to their extreme polarity, neurons utilize specialized mechanisms to regulate mitochondrial transport along axons to areas in which energy production and calcium homeostasis are in high demand, namely, active growth cones, nodes of Ranvier, and synaptic terminals...
Mitochondria are essential organelles for neuronal survival and play important roles in ATP generation, calcium buffering, and apoptotic signaling. Due to their extreme polarity, neurons utilize specialized mechanisms to regulate mitochondrial transport and retention along axons and near synaptic terminals where energy supply and calcium homeostasis are in high demand. Axonal mitochondria undergo...
Proper transport and distribution of mitochondria in axons and at synapses are critical for the normal physiology of neurons. Mitochondria in axons display distinct motility patterns and undergo saltatory and bidirectional movement, where mitochondria frequently stop, start moving again, and change direction. While approximately one-third of axonal mitochondria are mobile in mature neurons, a large...
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