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Data acquisition systems for large-scale high-energy physics experiments have to handle hundreds of gigabytes per second of data, and are typically implemented as specialized data centers that connect a very large number of front-end electronics devices to an event detection and storage system. The design of such systems is often based on many assumptions, small-scale experiments and a substantial...
This chapter describes the relationships between oxidative stress and the metabolic syndrome. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress may be involved in the aetiology, pathogenesis, and development of the metabolic syndrome. Additionally an important question remains to be asked: should we focus on antioxidant supplementation for managing the progression of complications, or on earlier steps before...
The use of nonlinear loads connected to the power networks that produce distorted currents has been increased in the last years. At the same time, distributed generation has also been increased. It uses power electronic devices to inject the energy to the network, generating harmonic currents that flow though the networks. Being current transformers key elements for measuring electric power and energy,...
This paper analyzes the effect of the burden on the errors of measuring transformers, specifically the influence of the power factor. Standards propose to calibrate these measuring devices using burdens with different power factor, from 0.1 to 1, but nowadays usual working conditions impose unity power factor in all cases. Error variations due to the power factor of the burden have been measured in...
This paper evaluates the effect of stray capacitances between primary and secondary windings on current transformers (CT) used in high voltage networks. Ground potential at all windings is the typical configuration during laboratory calibration. However, in service, the primary winding is at high voltage potential. The variation of current errors between both working conditions is evaluated for a...
This paper proposes a method for calibrating current transformers installed in power networks. The method compares primary to secondary currents in low voltage networks, and different secondary currents of the same transformer in high voltage networks. This last case is useful for transformers with multiple secondary windings, where only the metering winding is periodically calibrated, and relaying...
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