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Several hydrated silicate deposits on Mars are observed within craters and are interpreted as excavated Noachian material. Toro crater (71.8°E, 17.0°N), located on the northern edge of the Syrtis Major Volcanic Plains, shows spectral and morphologic evidence of impact-induced hydrothermal activity. Spectroscopic observations were used to identify extensive hydrated silicate deposits, including prehnite,...
An intense impact flux upon a planet having a CO 2 + N 2 atmosphere, such as Mars, provides energy to synthesize nitric oxide, NO, which is likely converted into nitrate minerals. The same impact flux can decompose nitrate minerals if present in the crust. We build a numerical model to study the effects of early impact processes on the evolution of nitrogen in a dominantly CO 2...
Nitrogen isotopes appear to be escaping from Mars at approximately the primordial ratio 14 N/ 15 N ≈ 275 and to have an atmospheric nitrogen depletion time scale of about 800 Myr. For the standard model of a progressive decline of an initial inventory of atmospheric nitrogen, having no source of N, the agreement of the isotopic ratio of escaping N with primitive nitrogen would be coincidental...
We present new experimental results on impact shock chemistry into icy satellites of the outer planets. Icy mixtures of pure water ice with CO 2 , Na 2 CO 3 , CH 3 OH, and CH 3 OH/(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at 77 K were ablated with a powerful pulsed laser—a new technique used to simulate shock processes which can occur during impacts. New products...
We calculate the amount of methane that may form via reactions catalyzed by metal-rich dust that condenses in the wake of large cometary impacts. Previous models of the gas-phase chemistry of impacts predicted that the terrestrial planets' atmospheres should be initially dominated by CO/CO 2 , N 2 , and H 2 O. CH 4 was not predicted to form in impacts because gas-phase...
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