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Twenty-two Streptococcus thermophilus strains used for milk fermentations were analyzed for their plasmid content and 13 of them (59%) were found to contain one or two plasmids. Fifteen S. thermophilus plasmids were divided into four groups using DNA homology. Ten plasmids were classified within group A and they shared homologies with all the previously sequenced S. thermophilus plasmids. Three plasmids...
Genetic exchanges constitute a significant means by which bacteriophages acquire novel characteristics. Phages of Lactococcus lactis occupy a particular niche, the dairy factory environment, where their populations are subjected to constant changes. Little is known about the mechanisms of evolution that lead to the genetic diversity of lactococcal phages. In this study, we described two DNA exchanges...
Streptococcus thermophiluslytic bacteriophage DT1, isolated from a mozzarella whey, was characterized at the microbiological and molecular levels. Phage DT1 had an isometric head of 60 nm and a noncontractile tail of 260 × 8 nm, two major structural proteins of 26 and 32 kDa, and a linear double-stranded DNA genome with cohesive ends at its extremities. The host range of phage DT1 was limited to 5...
From July 1993 and June 1994, 27 different lactococcal bacteriophages were isolated from 27 US cultured buttermilk plants located in 23 states. Phages were characterized by DNA homology, electron microscopy, restriction patterns, genome size, host range, and serology. Over 80% (22 of 27) of the phages were classified into the 936 species, and the remaining phages were divided almost equally between...
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