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Background
It is unknown how traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One potential mechanism is via alteration of fear‐learning processes that could affect responses to trauma memories and cues. We utilized a prospective, longitudinal design to determine if TBI is associated with altered fear learning and extinction, and if fear processing mediates effects...
BackgroundHeightened startle response is a symptom of PTSD, but evidence for exaggerated startle in PTSD is inconsistent. This prospective study aimed to clarify whether altered startle reactivity represents a trait risk‐factor for developing PTSD or a marker of current PTSD symptoms.
MethodsMarines and Navy Corpsmen were assessed before (n = 2,571) and after (n = 1,632) deployments to Iraq or Afghanistan...
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