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A thermal sensor based on Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is designed for online temperature measurement system in oil-immersed transformers. The measurable range is 30 °C to 150 °C, with resolution of 1 °C. Performance of the FBGs has been tested by temperature rising experiment in thermostat and online temperature measuring of transformer windings during short circuit experiment. Transformers equipped...
This paper presents the first voltage-calibrated CMOS time-domain smart temperature sensor to reduce the cost of mass production. A digitally adjustable relaxation oscillator designed as the temperature sensor vibrates between CMOS-based CTAT, PTAT voltage references with mutual curvature compensation to generate linear temperature-dependent output pulses. Voltage instead of temperature calibration...
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are used to provide adequate thermal comfort to occupants of spaces within buildings. The well-recognized PMV model which represents the ‘predicted mean vote’ (on the thermal sensation scale) of a large population of people exposed to a certain environment is often used by design engineers to determine the size and capacity of HVAC system. In...
A miniature fiber-optic temperature sensor that can measure high temperature in a small volume is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor head is fabricated by splicing a small segment of photonic crystal fiber to the single mode fiber, forming a fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer. A high-speed signal processing method is adopted to measure the temperature by detecting the intensity of...
In order to calculate the aerodynamic heating process of the missile head, the environmental temperature and pressure are obtained by the ballistic trajectory table and the flight Mach number are calculated. The method of fluid-solid coupled was used to compute the inner and outer field of the missile. The temperature of the missile surface and head was obtained. The result shows the fluid-solid coupled...
We have demonstrated that frequency upconversion in periodically-poled LiNbO3 is capable of reaching single-photon sensitivities for detections at 1.27 μm and 1.57 μm at room temperature.
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