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LoRaWAN is emerging as an attractive network infrastructure for ultra low power Internet of Thing devices. Albeit the technology itself is quite mature and specified, how to effectively allocate wireless resources so as to support a large amount of devices in a same terrestrial area is an open challenge. This paper contributes by proposing two algorithms (of incremental complexity) which are shown...
Commodity HardWare (CHW) is currently used in the Internet to deploy large data centers or small computing nodes. Moreover, CHW will be also used to deploy future telecommunication networks, thanks to the adoption of the forthcoming network softwarization paradigm. In this context, CHW machines can be put in Active Mode (AM) or in Sleep Mode (SM) several times per day, based on the traffic requirements...
We present a quality-selection policy for Quality of Experience (QoE) demanding video streaming in wireless networks. The proposed policy predicts the TCP throughput and adapts video segment requests in order to assure high QoE by taking into account the client buffer level. We introduce the concept of Affordable delivery Time (AT) and we design a buffer-based algorithm, hereafter referred to as Buffer-based...
We target a heterogeneous LTE cellular network comprising macro eNBs and hot spot micro eNBs and define a comprehensive measure of profitability referred to as sustainability. This metric combines all relevant factors for the economic balance of the cellular access, namely: i) the user profits, which depend on the offered level of Quality of Service; ii) the energy costs of the cellular network; and...
We propose a dynamic and cooperative approach to support the desired Quality of Experience (QoE) of the mobile users in a heterogeneous cellular network. Specifically, we focus on a scenario in which a mobile video streaming service is provided to users. We then develop a mobile streaming traffic micro-to-macro offloading scheme based on a cross layer approach, in which we exploit the knowledge of...
In this work, we show that there are two effects impacting cellular networks owned by an operator as a consequence of the application of the green networking via Sleep Modes (SMs) state to Base Stations (BSs). On one side, it is possible to save money from the electricity bill by exploiting SMs. On the other hand, however, the SM state triggers a variation in the failure rate of the BS, and therefore...
We consider the spatial distribution of Base Stations (BSs) in different scenarios of a European country, with the goal of finding the best theoretical distribution fitting the real data. We focus on a set of possible distributions, including: Poisson, Weibull, generalized Pareto, Lognormal and α-Stable. Our results show that the Lognormal is the best distribution in a rural scenario, while the α-Stable...
We consider the main costs and gains for the management of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular network exploiting e-NodeB (eNB) Sleep Mode (SM). More in depth, we develop an algorithm, called EURA, that is able to target a sustainability metric. The sustainability of the system takes into account the costs of energy consumed by active eNBs, the costs for repairing an eNB when it fails (as a consequence...
Floating Car Data (FCD) applications are based on the collection of geo-localized information updates that are issued by vehicles roaming in a given area. These data are an essential source for traffic information and are widely employed by Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). We present and examine a hybrid networking architecture and protocol that are used for the efficient execution of such...
In the framework of the Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks we propose HBEB (Hybrid Based Election Backbone), a distributed algorithm designed to form multiple backbones of vehicles in charge of propagating data in the VANETs in a fast and efficient way. Differently from other clustering approaches we leverage the ETSI Geonetworking recent standard to form and disseminate data in the backbones. We show that...
This paper investigates the advantage of adopting a flexible resource control scheme when performing HTTP-based adaptive streaming across LTE systems. To guarantee video fluidity, mobile video streaming is known to require a large bandwidth overhead with respect to the net encoded video rate. The quality of a received video stream is impacted by variations in the size of the transmitted video packets...
Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) are rapidly increasing their popularity and ductility, being an essential element for smart cities and smart driving. Layer three standards have already been approved, but they do not pursue optimality in terms of high throughput. This paper aims to identify a new algorithm to put on top of the standard routing layer, namely Self hEaling Infotainment and safetY Application...
In mobile multimedia services, preserving the battery life at the terminal is of utmost importance for user satisfaction, and suitable media processing at the device can be performed in order to reduce the brightness of the presented video, and to relent battery discharge. In this paper, we present a few experimental results assessing the impact, on the terminal power consumption, of a luminance preprocessing...
We consider adaptive-rate scheduling for downlink unicast transmissions of video streams over cellular wireless networks. We study a service under which each mobile client receives requested video streams at a variable Quality of Experience (QoE) level, based on its experienced communication quality condition. We employ a proxy-video manager at the base station node. The manager classifies users into...
We target the problem of managing the Base Stations (BSs) lifetime and their energy efficiency when a sleep mode (SM) is adopted. We first show that the BS lifetime is affected by two opposite effects: the duration of SM, which tends to increase the lifetime, and the SM frequency, which on the contrary decreases the lifetime. After optimally formulating the problem for a cellular network, we propose...
Implementations of data dissemination protocols in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) typically use multi-hopping approaches at the network layer, employing timers whose expiration times determine whether a vehicle should relay a message. These protocols, when they interact with lower access layers, such as the IEEE 802.11p MAC, are often affected by phenomena that impair the performance of the dissemination...
Road traffic monitoring is one of the key applications in the Intelligent Transport System field. New technologies are now provided in this field and among the most relevant ones there is the DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) set of protocols and standards where vehicles wirelessly communicate. In this paper, we deal with the application of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks to road traffic monitoring...
We consider a heterogeneous network system in which micro base station nodes receive critical message flows from their associated wireless cellular backbone infrastructure and multicast them directly to vehicles that travel in their close vicinity. To assure delivery of these critical messages to all other vehicles traveling along the highway, we make use of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) system...
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network technology facilitates real time information dissemination by enabling efficient inter-vehicle communications for the wide broadcasting of public safety and other message flows. A key challenge in VANET broadcasting is to develop a networking mechanism to coordinate data transmissions among moving vehicles. We propose a Directional Vehicular Backbone Network (DVBN) protocol...
We consider a tactical command center that issues broadcast data message flows for dissemination to all vehicles traveling as team members of a convoy, or along a multilane linear road segment. We propose a networking protocol which uses location aware data to identify and elect certain vehicles that reside at preferred locations to act as relay nodes, forming a dynamic multi-hop backbone network...
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