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Spatial structures of ablative mass flow produced by femtosecond laser pulses are studied. In experiments with a gold film, the Ti:sapp laser pulse having a focal size of 100 microns on a target was used, while a soft X-ray probe pulse was utilized for diagnostics. The experimental data are compared with simulated mass flows obtained by two-temperature hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics methods...
A short laser pulse converts metal into a two-temperature state with the electron temperature higher than the ion temperature. To describe the electron contributions to the total internal energy and pressure arising as a result of electron heating, we develop the new analytic approximation formulae for two-temperature thermodynamics of metal. Those approximations are based on quantum calculations...
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