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This study presents a model for quantifying the performance of primary nozzles within the context of ejectors in the refrigeration systems. The effects of real and ideal gas properties are compared and two equations for the two-phase speed of sound are tested against experimental data for vapor nozzles working with R245fa, N2 and R141b and also a two-phase nozzles processing CO2. Results show that...
The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising method of generating power that utilizes low-enthalpy renewable energy and industrial waste heat. Given that the exergy loss and capital investment cost of heat exchangers account for a large proportion of the components in the ORC, research on the development of novel heat exchangers and configuration optimization coupling with other components and cycle...
The effects of Micro-direct current treatment (Micro-DC) on the performance of sludge anaerobic digestion under different initial pH values were investigated in this study. Biogas production and VS removal rate tests were conducted to determine the optimum initial pH value based on the Micro-DC treatment, and the evolution of archaeal community was also investigated through high-throughput sequencing...
A heat exchanger network (HEN) is an important part in processing plants used to recover heat from process streams. A utility system supplies heating and cooling utilities and introduces additional hot and cold streams for the processes. The HEN and utility system (e.g., Rankine cycle-based cogeneration system) are closely interconnected primarily through steam, steam condensate leaving the turbines,...
Complex turbine (i.e., steam turbine with multiple controlled and uncontrolled extractions) is one of the most important components in industrial utility system. The function of complex turbine is to generate power electricity, provide steam for the processes, and heat boiler feedwater using uncontrolled extraction steam. Although many studies have focused on the modeling and optimization of utility...
Waste heat recovery has been commonly accepted as an efficient, clean, reliable, and promising approach to increase the utilization efficiency of primary energy and reduce the pollutant emissions. A RNGCS (retrofitted natural gas-based cogeneration system), in which domestic hot water is heated by the waste heat of condensing steam and exhaust gas, is presented to replace the ONGCS (original natural...
This paper proposed a computation program to predict the in-tube thermodynamic performance of the LSC (liquid–vapor separation condenser). The refrigerant circuit of the LSC was then optimized using the Penalty Factor with the predicted results. The proposed program was used to calculate a case and an optimized tube pass strategy was obtained under a fixed condition. Higher heat transfer coefficient...
Heat Integration, an effective energy-saving technology, has been popularized in many fields. In the current paper, Pinch-based Heat Integration technology is applied in the Heat Integration of process surplus heat (PSH) and regenerative Rankine cycle (RRC)-based steam power plant. PSH is recovered by preheating boiler feed water (BFW) to reduce consumption of steam extracted from the turbine. A systematic...
A multiperiod mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for the operational planning of steam power system (SPS) is presented. The objective of the model is to simultaneously minimize the total economic cost and environmental impact. The environmental impact in the present approach is expressed by monetary cost of pollutant abatement technology and environmental charge triggered by pollutant emissions...
The three-dimensional energy resources demand-supply system is established for two regions of China, in which determination of unknown parameters is significant for the real energy resources demand-supply system. In this paper, based on Shanghai’s energy statistic data (1999–2005), the parameters of the energy resources demand-supply system can be identified by using the neural network method, and...
Complex turbines with multiple controlled and/or uncontrolled extractions are popularly used in the processing industry and cogeneration plants to provide steam of different levels, electric power, and driving power. To characterize thermodynamic behavior under varying conditions, nonlinear mathematical models are developed based on energy balance, thermodynamic principles, and semi-empirical equations...
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