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The designs of a 220 GHz folded waveguide traveling wave tube (FWTWT) have been reviewed and studied systematically via 3-D electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EM PIC) simulations. 3-D Cold test simulations using both the CFDTD and FEM methods have been carried out and compared with each other as basis for the hot test simulations. The hot test simulation results show that the gain-bandwidth features...
Modeling an electromagnetic (EM) structure with curved boundaries using a conformal finite-difference time-domain (CFDTD) method retains a second order accuracy while using a staircased FDTD one only gives a first order accuracy. Although the CFDTD algorithm has been demonstrated being very accurate for simulating some vacuum electronic devices which usually operated at fundamental modes, this is...
We have performed a detailed benchmark of a conformal finite difference time domain (CFDTD) method for applications in fusion gyrotron study. The accuracy and efficiency of simulations are the main concerns as a fusion gyrotron cavity is a computationally large scale model. Therefore, the validation of a simulation method is important for us to adopt it for the future study. Here we use a simple circular...
The feasibility of designing and modeling a multistage depressed collector (MDC) using 3D conformal finite-difference time-domain (CFDTD) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations as implemented in VORPAL has been studied. A simple circuit model employing feedback mechanisms has been implemented to provide stable time-dependent voltages for each stage of the depressed collector and an arbitrary space-time...
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