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Thanks to their light-weight, wearing comfort, and amenability to be woven into textiles, solid-state fiber supercapacitors (FSCs) have been considered as promising energy storage devices for wearable electronics. Carbon fibers (CFs) have the merits of both superior mechanical strength and conductivity, excellent flexibility, doped by heteroatoms, good knittability/weavability, and most importantly...
In this paper, we utilize coupled mode theory (CMT) to model the coupling between surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) between multiple graphene sheets. By using the Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) Quantum Control Technique, we propose a novel directional coupler based on SPPs evolution in three layers of graphene sheets in some curved configuration. Our calculated results show that the SPPs...
The structure of multilayer graphene domains on Cu foil is revealed with atomic force microscopy and theoretical analysis. The phase images of force microscopy enable the separation of the graphene domains from the naked areas of Cu foil. Furthermore, the phase images enable the discrimination of the different graphene layers and structures. For example, some of small graphene layers show a darker...
Investigating the detailed impact from an individual nanoparticle on a graphene membrane is a great challenge. We employed ultra-high vacuum electron microscopy and first-principles calculations to reveal the changes in graphene morphology and electronic structure when in contact with a Cu nanoparticle. Our findings show that the significant amount of charge transfer from the individual Cu nanoparticle...
The development of environment-friendly electrode materials is highly desired for the clean and sustainable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) system. Organic cathode materials that involve conducting polymers, organic carbonyl/sulfur compounds are expected to be promising candidates for future LIBs with a concept of “green and sustainable”. However, their battery performances are relatively worse than that...
Graphene field-effect transistors were fabricated with mechanically exfoliated single-layer graphene (SLG) and bilayer graphene (BLG) sheets and the functionalization effects of bromophenyl groups derived from a diazonium compound on its transfer properties were explored. Spectroscopic and electrical studies reveal that the bromophenyl grafting imposes p-doping to both SLG and BLG. The modification...
A stable aqueous dispersion of hydrophobic single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and amphiphilic graphene oxide (GO) nano-sheets was produced by sonication mixing without assistance of any surfactant. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electrical characterization suggest that SWCNTs are completely wrapped by GO nano-sheets. The spontaneous formation...
Willow or poplar catkins were carbonized to prepare carbon microtubes (CMTs) due to their natural micro-tubular structure. After carbonization at temperatures of 550–950°C, CMTs with outer and inner diameters of 4–8 and 3–7μm were obtained. In addition to having a large and accessible inner tube, a small amount of nitrogen (∼1.8at.%) and phosphorus (∼0.4at.%) dopants cause CMTs prepared at 750°C to...
Large-sized thin-films composed of single- and few-layered graphene have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper foils under atmospheric pressure using ethanol or pentane as the precursor. Confocal Raman measurements, transmission electron microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy show that the majority part of the obtained films exhibit hexagonal graphene lattice. Optical...
Graphene–carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid materials were synthesized by simple one-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using ethanol as precursor. On a copper foil decorated with silicon nanparticles (Si NPs), a graphene film grows uniformly on the substrate while CNTs sprout out from Si NPs to form a network on top. The density of CNTs can be controlled by the CVD growth temperature. As measured by...
Carbon nanofibers were grafted onto mesoporous carbon spheres to produce “sea urchin-like” mesoporous carbon with a nanofiber content of 25wt.%. Because of its combined features of high electronic conductivity and efficient electrolyte transport, the sea urchin-like mesoporous carbon assembled in electric double layer capacitors shows outstanding high-rate performance with a voltammetric scan rate...
Direct functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were utilized to form the heat flow network for epoxy composites through covalent integration. A method of preparing a fully heat flow network between benzenetricarboxylic acid grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (BTC-MWCNTs) and epoxy matrix is described. A Friedel–Crafts modification was used to functionalize MWCNTs effectively and without damaging...
Turbostratic carbon nanofibers (CNFs), platelet graphite nanofibers (PGNFs) and tubular graphite nanofibers (TGNFs, also called multi-walled carbon nanotubes) were synthesized using thermal decomposition from a mixture of poly(ethylene glycol) and NiCl 2 . A detailed study found that the synthesis temperature dramatically affected the morphology and topography of the catalysts, which play...
Ultrahigh purity multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were obtained, which were produced by a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method and subsequently annealed at vacuum pressures between 10 -3 and 10 Pa and temperatures between 1500 and 2150 o C. Acid treatments were made for comparison. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive...
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