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Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease around the world, and protein based subunit vaccine is supposed to be a kind of promising novel vaccine against it. However, there is no effective adjuvant available in clinic to activate cell-mediated immune responses which is required for TB subunit vaccine. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new adjuvant. Here we reported an adjuvant composed of dimethyl...
Vaccination is the most effective method used to reduce the morbidity and mortality of influenza infections. However, as exemplified in the current swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) pandemic, the global manufacturing capacity of influenza vaccines is severely limited. In the present proof-of-concept study, we combined cell substrate selection and antigen engineering with adjuvant development to...
Serologic studies have detected protective immunity against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus (H1N1-2009) in some people. However, further study of preexisting immunity has been complicated by the complexity of the human immunological background. Here, we immunized mice with HA- and NA-encoding plasmids. The cross-neutralizing activity of the anti-HA antisera and the effect of the anti-NA antisera...
The vaccine efficacy of six PRRSV Type 2 infectious clones, including five chimeras and a strain-specific deletion mutant, were examined using a respiratory challenge model in growing swine. The chimeras were constructed from different combinations of a licensed modified live vaccine (Ingelvac ® PRRS MLV) and a virulent field isolate (wt MN184) which differ by 14.3% on a nucleotide basis,...
The purpose of this work was to assess the immune response against plasmid DNA encoding hepatitis B virus (HBV) HBsAg in C57BL/6 mice inoculated by micro-needle. Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), a hematopoietic growth factor, was used as an adjuvant. Immune response was determined by analysis of cytokine production. In addition, cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) activity was measured 7 days after...
To explore the best prime–boost regimen and evaluate the T-cellular response memory against HCV, we constructed two DNA vaccine candidates (pVRC-CE1E2 and pAAV-CE1E2) and two recombinant viruses (rTTV-E1E2 and rAAV-E1E2) and then assessed the immune response to different prime–boost patterns in BALB/c mice. The rTTV-E1E2 boosted the immune response to HCV DNA vaccine prime significantly, and the inverted...
With accumulating evidence indicating the importance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in the antitumor response, strategies are being pursued to elicit augmented CD8+ T-cell responses against tumors with tumor vaccines. Here, we report the protective efficacy of vaccine-elicited antitumor immune responses with an aggressive HBc-expressing B16-HBc melanoma, which expressed HBc as a self and model...
Prime-and-boost vaccination strategy with DNA and protein vaccines is broadly adopted to augment the immunogenicity of both vaccines, but the mechanism is ambiguous. Antigen-specific immunological memories in humoral and cellular immune responses were examined in mice after immunization with different regimens, by the evaluation of persistence of antibody production and CTL activity, as well as T...
DNA vaccines have been widely reported to elicit both effective humoral and cellular immune responses, but the mechanisms of antigen processing and presentation in DNA immunization is still ambiguous. Aiming to molecular mechanisms involved in DNA immunization, comparative serum proteomics was introduced to discover differentially expressed proteins after different immunizations. Using two-dimensional...
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