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In the five-term, transitive inference task used with animals, pigeons are trained on four simultaneous discrimination premise pairs: A + B −, B + C −, C + D −, D + E −. Typically, when tested with the BD pair, most pigeons show a transitive inference effect, choosing B over D. Two non-inferential hypotheses have been proposed to account for this effect but neither has been reliably supported by research...
In studies of transitive inference (TI), nonhuman animals are typically trained with the following 5-term task: A+B−, B+C−, C+D−, D+E− where the letters stand for arbitrary stimuli and [+] indicates that choice is reinforced and [−] indicates that choice is not reinforced. A TI effect is found when, given the untrained test pair BD, subjects choose B. TI effects have been found in many nonhuman species...
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