Search results for: Gisela H. Degen

Items from 1 to 20 out of 80 results

article

Citrinin biomarkers: a review of recent data and application to human exposure assessment

Nurshad Ali, Gisela H. Degen

Archives of Toxicology > 2019 > 93 > 11 > 3057-3066

The mycotoxin citrinin (CIT) deserves attention due to its known toxic effects in mammalian species and a widespread occurrence in food commodities, often along with ochratoxin A, another nephrotoxic mycotoxin. Human exposure, a key element in assessing risks related to these food contaminants, depends upon mycotoxin levels in food and on food consumption. Yet, data available for CIT levels in food...

article

Analyses of biomarkers of exposure to nephrotoxic mycotoxins in a cohort of patients with renal tumours

Frantisek Malir, Miroslav Louda, Vladimir Ostry, Jakub Toman, more

Mycotoxin Research > 2019 > 35 > 4 > 391-403

The Czech Republic occupies the first place in the world in the frequency of renal and other urinary tract tumours, but their aetiology is unknown. To explore whether carcinogenic and nephrotoxic mycotoxins may contribute to kidney diseases in the Czech population, biomarkers of ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin (CIT) exposure were determined in biological specimens from a cohort of 50 patients with...

article

Urinary biomarkers of exposure to the mycoestrogen zearalenone and its modified forms in German adults

Nurshad Ali, Gisela H. Degen

Archives of Toxicology > 2018 > 92 > 8 > 2691-2700

Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin with estrogenic activity, can exert adverse endocrine effects in mammals and is thus of concern for humans. ZEN is found in cereal crops and grain-based foods, often along with modified (‘masked’) forms usually not detected in routine contaminant analysis, e.g., ZEN-O-β-glucosides and ZEN-14-sulfate. These contribute to mycoestrogen exposure, as they are cleaved in the...

article

Preliminary data on citrinin kinetics in humans and their use to estimate citrinin exposure based on biomarkers

Gisela H. Degen, Nurshad Ali, Ursula Gundert-Remy

Toxicology Letters > 2018 > 282 > C > 43-48

Citrinin (CIT), a fungal metabolite causing nephrotoxicity, has a tolerable daily intake (TDI) value of 0.2μg/kg bw. Contamination of food with CIT is not sufficiently known to allow dietary exposure assessment. Urinary biomonitoring data are available from cohorts of several countries. However, kinetic information is lacking for CIT, hampering the use of urinary biomonitoring data to estimate the...

article

Blood plasma biomarkers of citrinin and ochratoxin A exposure in young adults in Bangladesh

Nurshad Ali, Khaled Hossain, Gisela H. Degen

Mycotoxin Research > 2018 > 34 > 1 > 59-67

Citrinin (CIT) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are nephrotoxic mycotoxins which can co-occur in food commodities, resulting in internal exposure. Studies in many countries reported on the presence of OTA in human blood; however, such biomonitoring data for CIT is still scarce. This study was conducted to characterize both CIT and OTA biomarker levels in plasma of volunteers since food analysis data are insufficient...

article

Ochratoxin A and its metabolites in urines of German adults—An assessment of variables in biomarker analysis

Nurshad Ali, Katherine Muñoz, Gisela H. Degen

Toxicology Letters > 2017 > 275 > C > 19-26

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin known for its nephrotoxic and carcinogenic properties, is a worldwide occurring contaminant in a variety of food commodities. Biomonitoring (i.e. analysis in biological fluids) can serve to assess human internal exposure from all consumed foods and beverages. We now determined the concentration of OTA and its metabolite ochratoxin alpha (OTα) in plasma and in urine...

article

Mykotoxine in Lebensmitteln

Gisela H. Degen

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz > 2017 > 60 > 7 > 745-756

Von Schimmelpilzen produzierte Mykotoxine gelangen als Primär- und Sekundärkontamination und über den Carry-over-Effekt in die Nahrungskette. Das globale Vorkommen vieler Mykotoxine und ihr breites Spektrum an toxischen Wirkungen sind Gegenstand interdisziplinärer Forschung und ein relevantes Thema für den Verbraucherschutz. Dieser Übersichtsartikel soll mit Abschnitten zum Gefährdungspotenzial wichtiger...

article

Determination of aflatoxin M1 in urine samples indicates frequent dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 in the Bangladeshi population

Nurshad Ali, Meinolf Blaszkewicz, Khaled Hossain, Gisela H. Degen

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health > 2017 > 220 > 2(PA) > 271-281

Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), a hepatocarcinogen and highly toxic mycotoxin, is a contaminant of food commodities, especially in hot and humid climates that favour the growth of aflatoxin-producing fungi. As data on AFB₁ contamination of food and feed in Bangladesh are scarce, we conducted an initial screening by ELISA on the occurrence of the metabolite and biomarker aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) in urines from Bangladesh...

article

Are we ready to estimate daily ochratoxin A intake based on urinary concentrations?

Gisela H. Degen

Environment International > 2016 > 97 > C > 254-255

article

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – Final version of the opinion on Eco G+ in cosmetic products

Gisela H. Degen

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2016 > 82 > C > 157

Safety assessment is based on the release of silver ion from the packaging material. SCCS considers the release of silver ions from “EcoG+” as a component in packaging material safe for use as preservative with a concentration of maximum 2.0% in the cosmetic packaging material.

article

Scientific principles for the identification of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: a consensus statement

Roland Solecki, Andreas Kortenkamp, Åke Bergman, Ibrahim Chahoud, more

Archives of Toxicology > 2017 > 91 > 2 > 1001-1006

Endocrine disruption is a specific form of toxicity, where natural and/or anthropogenic chemicals, known as “endocrine disruptors” (EDs), trigger adverse health effects by disrupting the endogenous hormone system. There is need to harmonize guidance on the regulation of EDs, but this has been hampered by what appeared as a lack of consensus among scientists. This publication provides summary information...

article

Assessment of deoxynivalenol exposure among Bangladeshi and German adults by a biomarker-based approach

Nurshad Ali, Meinolf Blaszkewicz, Gisela H. Degen

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 258 > C > 20-28

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a frequent mycotoxin contaminant in cereal crops worldwide and can cause adverse health effects in exposed animals and humans. Since DON contamination in Bangladeshi food is unexplored, we conducted a biomonitoring study to assess DON exposure in the Bangladeshi population and compare it with that of German adults. In total 214 urines were collected, n=164 in Bangladesh and...

article

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety (SCCS) – Opinion on the safety of the use of deoxyarbutin in cosmetic products

SCCS, Gisela H. Degen

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2016 > 74 > C > 77-78

Although on the basis of the provided scientific data the use of deoxyarbutin as such can be considered safe for consumers in cosmetic products in a concentration up to 3% in face creams, hydroquinone will be formed at levels which raise concerns with regard to the safety of such products during life-cycle of the product (e.g. storage conditions and stability under in-use conditions).Therefore, the...

article

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety (SCCS) – Opinion on the safety of the use of α-arbutin in cosmetic products

SCCS, Gisela H. Degen

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2016 > 74 > C > 75-76

The SCCS considers the use of α-Arbutin safe for consumers in cosmetic products in a concentration up to 2% in face creams and up to 0.5% in body lotions.A potential combined use of α-Arbutin and other hydroquinone releasing substances in cosmetic products has not been evaluated in this Opinion.

article

Biomonitoring of concurrent exposure to ochratoxin A and citrinin in pregnant women in Bangladesh

Nurshad Ali, Meinolf Blaszkewicz, M. Manirujjaman, Gisela H. Degen

Mycotoxin Research > 2016 > 32 > 3 > 163-172

Ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin (CIT) are both nephrotoxic and teratogenic in animals, and the occurrence of these mycotoxins in food may cause adverse health effects in humans. Data on the combined exposure to these food contaminants are still scarce, especially in pregnancy. Therefore, a biomonitoring study was conducted to determine the presence of urinary biomarkers of exposure to OTA and CIT...

article

Occurrence of aflatoxin M₁ in urines from rural and urban adult cohorts in Bangladesh

Nurshad Ali, Khaled Hossain, Meinolf Blaszkewicz, Mashiur Rahman, more

Archives of Toxicology > 2016 > 90 > 7 > 1749-1755

Aflatoxins are important mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, moulds which contaminate mainly grains and nuts, especially in hot and humid climate. Presence of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), the most toxic one and a potent hepatocarcinogen, has been reported in food and feed in Bangladesh and raised concerns about mycotoxin exposure in the population. Biomonitoring provides the best...

article

Biomonitoring of the mycotoxin Zearalenone: current state-of-the art and application to human exposure assessment

Angela Mally, Michele Solfrizzo, Gisela H. Degen

Archives of Toxicology > 2016 > 90 > 6 > 1281-1292

Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin with high estrogenic activity in vitro and in vivo, is a widespread food contaminant that is commonly detected in maize, wheat, barley, sorghum, rye and other grains. Human exposure estimates based on analytical data on ZEN occurrence in various food categories and food consumption data suggest that human exposure to ZEN and modified forms of ZEN may be close to or even...

article

Urinary biomarkers of ochratoxin A and citrinin exposure in two Bangladeshi cohorts: follow-up study on regional and seasonal influences

Nurshad Ali, Meinolf Blaszkewicz, Abdul Alim, Khaled Hossain, more

Archives of Toxicology > 2016 > 90 > 11 > 2683-2697

Biomonitoring studies can provide valuable insights into human mycotoxin exposure, especially when food contaminant data are scarce or unavailable as in Bangladesh. First biomonitoring data in Bangladeshi adults indicated exposure to the nephrotoxic mycotoxins ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin (CIT). This led us to conduct a follow-up study with analysis of urinary biomarkers for both CIT and OTA to...

article

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – Opinion on the safety of the use of β-arbutin in cosmetic products

SCCS, Gisela H. Degen

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2015 > 73 > 3 > 866-867

The SCCS considers the use of β-arbutin to be safe for consumers in cosmetic products in a concentration up to 7% in face creams provided that the contamination of hydroquinone in the cosmetic formulations remain below 1 ppm.A potential combined use of β-arbutin and other hydroquinone releasing substances in cosmetic products has not been evaluated in this Opinion.

article

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – The safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners

Ulrike Bernauer, Pieter-Jan Coenraads, Gisela H. Degen, Maria Dusinska, more

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology > 2015 > 72 > 3 > 658-659

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Search results for: Gisela H. Degen

Citrinin biomarkers: a review of recent data and application to human exposure assessment

Analyses of biomarkers of exposure to nephrotoxic mycotoxins in a cohort of patients with renal tumours

Urinary biomarkers of exposure to the mycoestrogen zearalenone and its modified forms in German adults

Preliminary data on citrinin kinetics in humans and their use to estimate citrinin exposure based on biomarkers

Blood plasma biomarkers of citrinin and ochratoxin A exposure in young adults in Bangladesh

Ochratoxin A and its metabolites in urines of German adults—An assessment of variables in biomarker analysis

Mykotoxine in Lebensmitteln

Determination of aflatoxin M1 in urine samples indicates frequent dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 in the Bangladeshi population

Are we ready to estimate daily ochratoxin A intake based on urinary concentrations?

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – Final version of the opinion on Eco G+ in cosmetic products

Scientific principles for the identification of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: a consensus statement

Assessment of deoxynivalenol exposure among Bangladeshi and German adults by a biomarker-based approach

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety (SCCS) – Opinion on the safety of the use of deoxyarbutin in cosmetic products

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety (SCCS) – Opinion on the safety of the use of α-arbutin in cosmetic products

Biomonitoring of concurrent exposure to ochratoxin A and citrinin in pregnant women in Bangladesh

Occurrence of aflatoxin M₁ in urines from rural and urban adult cohorts in Bangladesh

Biomonitoring of the mycotoxin Zearalenone: current state-of-the art and application to human exposure assessment

Urinary biomarkers of ochratoxin A and citrinin exposure in two Bangladeshi cohorts: follow-up study on regional and seasonal influences

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – Opinion on the safety of the use of β-arbutin in cosmetic products

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – The safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners

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