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The CubeSat Radiometer Radio Frequency Interference Technology Validation (CubeRRT) mission is developing a 6U CubeSat system to demonstrate radio frequency interference (RFI) detection and filtering technologies for future microwave radiometer remote sensing missions. CubeRRT will perform observations of Earth brightness temperatures from 6–40 GHz using a 1 GHz bandwidth tuned channel and will demonstrate...
In this paper we discuss the design and development of the Radiometer Digital Backend (RDB) of the CubeSat Radiometer Radio Frequency Interference Technology (CubeRRT) validation mission. We present a brief introduction of the mission and the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) detection and mitigation algorithm. The digital backend developed for the CubeSat is presented. The digital backend has unique...
A new space-borne mission based on a multi-channel microwave radiometer in the frequency range 0.5–2 GHz as been recently approved by the Italian Space Agency for a preliminary concept study. The innovative instrument will be devoted to the study of the Cryosphere and in particular on sea ice volume, ice sheet temperature and soil status. Scientific objectives and first mission concept are presented...
This presentation will include an overview of the recently launched NASA CYGNSS mission Level 1 calibration algorithms and their on-orbit validation [1], [2]. The validation of the Level 1 calibration will be performed in several steps, including a) a detailed noise floor analysis to assess the observed on-orbit noise power levels over the open ocean, b) multiple consistency checks using a forward...
Recent L-band radiometry from the SMOS and Aquarius satellite missions has sparked interest in studying low-frequency microwave-emission from the polar ice sheets [1, 2]. Low frequency microwaves have less extinction and extremely long penetration depth sin glacier ice (several hundreds to one thousand meters), and thus can provide sensitivity to the subsurface temperature profile. The Ultra-Wide...
The ultra-wideband software-defined microwave radiometer (UWBRAD) is designed to provide ice sheet internal temperature by measuring low frequency microwave emission. A Bayesian framework is designed to retrieve the ice sheet internal temperature from simulated UWBRAD brightness temperature (Tb). Experiment results showed feasibility to estimate ice sheet internal temperature and improvement of priors.
The rank of the clutter covariance matrix in a bistatic coherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system with arbitrary planar arrays in both the transmitter and receiver is examined. The analysis provides further generalization of "Brennan's rule" results available for linear arrays in monostatic coherent MIMO and bistatic space-time adaptive processing (STAP) systems. We first...
Radiowave propagation in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) remains a subject of research interest given the potential utility of the ducting propagation mechanism. Ducting propagation is highly dependent on atmospheric conditions; experiments that combine propagation measurements with detailed atmospheric characterization can offer opportunities for improved modeling of the MABL effects...
This paper discusses methods for using measurements of the backscattered power and the Doppler shift of radar signals scattered from the ocean surface to compute maps of phase resolved ocean wave fields. Results are compared with buoy and lidar measurements of ocean surface waves off the coast of southern California.
The feasibility of dynamic spectrum sharing between air traffic control radar and wireless communications systems is investigated via a numerical simulation. The temporal variations of interference power due to periodic rotations of the radar antenna and the interference attenuation resulting from frequency separation can substantially contribute to link loss. Consequently, even in the scenario where...
The SMAP RFI detecting digital backend performance is characterized using real-environment L-band RFI data from the SMAPVEX 2012 campaign. Various types of RFI signals are extracted from the airborne campaign dataset and fed to the SMAP radiometer using an Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG). The backend detection performance is tested, and missed-detections are further investigated. Initial results...
In recent years passive microwave measurements made by space-borne and air-borne missions have been corrupted by man-made Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) sources. Measurements from satellite missions such as SMOS and Aquarius show that even the protected 21cm hydrogen line is affected by RFI (Balling et al., TGRS 2010). The following talk will focus on the digital RFI mitigation algorithm implemented...
NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission (scheduled for launch in 2014) will have an L-band radiometer to measure brightness temperature values for retrieving soil moisture information. Previous studies have shown that, although the 1400–1427 MHz frequency band is allocated for geophysical remote sensing applications, significant RFI corruption nevertheless occurs. The SMAP radiometer will...
A radar-based time-series algorithm is evaluated for retrieving soil moisture (from the surface down to 5 cm depth) and roughness using two co-polarized (HH and VV) backscatter cross-section measurements (σ0). The retrieval approach inverts a forward model for radar scattering from a bare surface using a pre-computed lookup-table representation of σ0 obtained from Numerical Maxwell Model in 3D simulations...
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