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The impact of the frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters on the lightning response of a typical grounding arrangement of wind-turbine systems is assessed, based on experimental and simulated results. It was found that the frequency dependence of soil parameters is responsible for decreasing the grounding potential rise of grounding system and, thus, its impulse impedance and its impulse...
This paper presents the application of transmission line theory to analyze grounding arrangements composed of multiple parallel electrodes. The grounding system is treated as a multiconductor transmission line and a solution method based on a similarity transformation is used to solve the resultant equations. The impulse response of grounding arrangements composed of multiple grounding rods and horizontal...
The response of grounding grids subjected to currents with typical waveforms of first and subsequent lightning return strokes is analyzed, based on experimental and simulated results. Parameters, which characterize this response, such as the grounding potential rise, impulse impedance, impulse coefficient, and effective grid area are determined for grids buried in soils of low, moderate, and high...
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