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This paper proposes a novel three-part hybrid rotor design for a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The hybrid rotor can be designed to achieve key desired parameters and obtain extended speed operation by combining simple PM and reluctance rotor designs. An additional degree of freedom in the proposed three-part hybrid rotor is the flexibility to align the magnetizing axis of the reluctance...
This paper presents a new study on the comparison of dual-rotor single-stator (DRSS) and dual-stator single-rotor (DSSR) axial flux-switching permanent magnet (AxFSPM) machines. The DRSS and DSSR AxFSPM machines have the same dimensions except for stator and rotor yoke lengths. 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental verification are used for the comparison study. The comparison results...
The objective of this paper is to investigate the electromagnetic design aspects of a novel flux-switching motor-compressor with rotor poles designed as airfoils to perform compression. The proposed novel flux-switching motor-compressor is both an electric motor as well as an axial-flow compressor. Conventional motor-driven compressor system typically requires an electric motor and a gear box to connect...
The objective of this paper is to analyze a novel high-speed integrated motor-compressor drive system and investigate the opportunities by using gallium nitride (GaN)-based inverters. The proposed integrated motor-compressor is a combination of electric machine and axial-flow compressor by shaping the rotor pole of the electric machine into airfoils. Hence, the proposed integrated motor-compressor...
The goal of this paper is to design and analyze the electromagnetic performance and thermodynamic performance of a high-speed integrated motor-compressor. The integrated motor-compressor is designed based on the flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine topology. The rotor poles of the proposed integrated motor-compressor are shaped into airfoils, and the proposed machine can produce electromagnetic...
The goal of this paper is to investigate a proposed novel dual-rotor hybrid synchronous machine using two different types of rotors, i.e. the synchronous reluctance (SyR) and surface permanent magnet (SPM) rotors. Conventional design of dual-rotor machine utilizes SPM rotors on both inner and outer sides with toroidal winding configuration. However, there are limitations of using the permanent magnet...
The purpose of this paper is to investigate both the torque ripple reduction technique and influences of mechanical tolerance on the performances of a novel dual-stator 6/4 flux-switching permanent magnet machine. To minimize the torque ripple, step skew designs are studied to determine the optimal step number and step skew span angle. In addition, three common rotor mechanical tolerance deviation...
In recent time, flux switching type of brushless permanent magnet machines has been receiving significant interest, especially for high-speed operation. Primary reason is the simple and robust structure of the rotor due to the fact that the permanent magnets are placed in the stator. In order to achieve best possible performance for particular applications, optimization on electric machines is increasingly...
This paper proposes the analytical design methods of axial flux-switching permanent magnet (AxFSPM) machines. The analytical design methods take the influences of electric and magnetic loadings into account to calculate the specific sizing of the AxFSPM machine. In addition, the winding functions are implemented to derive the self-, mutual-, and d-axis and q-axis inductance. The results of analytical...
High-speed machines require structurally robust rotor to withstand high centrifugal forces. Flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines are ideal for high speeds since they have a simple and robust rotor structure. They also utilize permanent magnet (PM) in the stator enabling them to achieve high power density. It is desirable to keep the operating frequency minimized to reduce core losses and...
Mechanical design of the rotor is an important part of the design process for high-speed electric machines. This paper proposes an analytical method for finding an approximate rotor length and diameter for a surface permanent magnet machine rotor early in the design process. Specifically, the method can be used to find approximate rotor length and diameter dimensions that will balance the need for...
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel flux-switching permanent magnet motor with an integrated airfoil-shaped rotor. Some of the conventional axial-flow compressor systems need an electric motor to provide mechanical energy input to the compressor. The proposed novel flux-switching motor-compressor can integrate both an electric motor and an axial-flow compressor into a single entity and...
This paper presents the study on a novel dual-stator 6/4 flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine for high-speed applications. Three different alternative topologies of dual-stator 6/4 FSPM machines are proposed and their performances regarding flux linkage, back electromotive force (back-EMF), torque density, and manufacturability are compared to the same specification of 10 kW and 15,000 rpm...
This paper proposes a rotor tooth shaping method to reduce the cogging torque of an axial flux-switching permanent magnet machine. The rotor tooth is shaped in different configurations, including constant, trapezoidal, asymmetrical, extended, and square shapes. 3-D finite element analysis is performed to compare the proposed shapes of rotor tooth. Peak-to-peak cogging torque, fundamental flux linkage,...
This paper proposes a modular hybrid-excited axial transverse flux permanent magnet machine. The operational principles and performance characterization are presented. The toroidal excitation windings are placed on both teeth of the U-type core and are excited by a field current. The field current can either buck or boost the magnetic flux produced by the circular permanent magnets on the rotor disk...
This paper presents an analytical method to realize even order harmonic elimination in flux-switching permanent magnet machines. The proposed method enables the calculation of total offset angle of flux linkages, taking into account an offset angle of stator slot and rotor poles. The 6-slot, 12-slot, and dual structure flux-switching permanent magnet machines are analyzed using the proposed method...
The purpose of this paper is to characterize the performance of a novel dual-stator six slot four pole (6/4) flux switching permanent magnet machine. The proposed dual-stator 6/4 topology eliminates even order harmonics in the flux linkage and back electromotive force, which are present in the conventional single stator topology. The resulting back electromotive forces of the proposed dual-stator...
This research attempts to compare the effects of the slot opening on axial flux permanent magnet machines with the fractional slot concentrated winding and the integer slot toroid winding. Analytical derivations of winding function, flux linkage, and back-EMF are presented, paying special attention to the slot opening. Specific machines having 24 slots 28 poles, 24 slots 20 poles, and 84 slots 28...
This paper proposes a novel 6 slot-4 pole axial flux switching permanent magnet machine using dual-rotor single-stator. The analytical method is used to find offset angle to eliminate even harmonics of flux linkage and back-EMF of a conventional 6 slot-4 pole topology. The analytical method is verified with finite element analysis. Proposed novel topology is also compared with a conventional dual-rotor...
This paper presents a closed-form design optimization of surface permanent magnet (SPM) machines using concentrated windings layout. Over the last few years, the interest in the use of SPM machines with a high pole number for low speed direct-drive applications has significantly increased. In this paper, the analytical design model is developed and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied for...
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