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In the summer of 2013, a wideband propagation measurement campaign using rotating directional antennas at 73 GHz was conducted at the New York University (NYU) campus, in order to collect extensive field measurements for use in a millimeter wave (mmWave) E-band statistical channel model. While the measurement campaign provided over 50 Gigabytes of wideband power delay profiles and angular responses...
5th Generation (5G) small cells are expected to satisfy the increasing demand for wireless data traffic. In the presence of large scale dense and randomly deployed cells, autonomous and distributed configuration mechanisms are highly desirable. However, small cells typically serve a small number of users, such that sudden traffic imbalances between downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) are expected in the...
In this paper, we propose Maximum Rank Planning (MRP) as a novel inter-cell interference management technique for the ultra-dense uncoordinated deployment of small cells targeted by 5th Generation (5G) networks. Rather than operating in the frequency domain as the conventional Frequency Reuse Planning (FRP) technique, MRP acts by reducing the number of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) spatial...
Typically, rank adaptation (RA) algorithms are aimed at balancing the trade-off between increasing the spatial gain and improving the interference resilience property. In this paper, we consider a small-cell/local area cellular system and propose a simple and distributed interference-aware rank adaptation algorithm aimed at maximizing the system sum throughput. The performance of the proposed algorithm...
A new 5th generation (5G) radio access technology is expected to cope with an estimated factor of ∼x1000 growth in mobile data traffic in the upcoming years. Such system will be optimized for a massive uncoordinated deployment of small cells, where autonomous operation of the individual nodes may bring unpredictable and fast varying link quality. In this paper, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ)...
The target for a new 5G radio access technology is to support multi-Gbps and ms latency connectivity simultaneously at noticeably lower energy consumption and cost compared to the existing 4G technologies, such as LTE-Advanced. Extremely short air interface latency is required to achieve these requirements in a TDD-based local area network. In this paper, we discuss how the required short TDD latency...
Ultra-dense small cells are foreseen to play an essential role in the 5th generation (5G) of mobile radio access technology, which will be operating over different bands with respect to established systems. The natural step for exploring new spectrum is to look into the centimeter-wave bands as well as exploring millimeter-wave bands. This paper presents our vision on the technology components for...
Research on fifth generation (5G) radio access technology (RAT) is ramping up, with the goal of significantly improving user data rates and latency compared to previous RAT generations. While energy efficiency (EE) of the user equipment (UE) was not a key optimization parameter for the current wireless standards, it is anticipated to become a distinguishing factor for 5G. In this paper, we analyze...
The deployment of low-power small cells is envisaged as the main driver to accommodate the mobile broadband traffic growth in cellular networks. Depending on the spatial distribution of the user traffic, a densification of the small cells may be required in confined areas. However, deploying more and more cells in given areas may imply an increase of the inter-cell interference among the small cells...
Multiple transmit and receive antennas introduce additional degrees of freedom, which can be used to increase the number of spatial channels between a transmitter-receiver pair. Alternately, the additional degrees of freedom can be used to improve the interference resilience property with the help of linear interference rejection combining (IRC) receivers. Typically, rank adaptation algorithms are...
The ideal radio waveform for an upcoming 5th Generation (5G) radio access technology should cope with a set of requirements such as limited complexity, good time/frequency localization and simple extension to multi-antenna technologies. This paper discusses the suitability of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and its recently proposed enhancements as 5G waveforms, mainly focusing on...
The characteristics of the deployment scenario are fundamental elements in the performance evaluation of wireless networks inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) schemes. The statistical validation of such concepts is typically achieved by means of system-level simulation campaigns where regular reference scenarios and stochastic channel models are employed. It is an important next step to verify...
Time synchronization in a large network of small cells enables efficient interference management as well as advanced transmission techniques which can boost the network throughput. In this paper, we focus on the distributed initial synchronization problem and propose different solutions aiming at reducing the residual asynchronous interference while limiting the number of large timing reconfigurations...
The usage of Minimum Mean Square Error - Interference Rejection Combining (MMSE-IRC) receivers is expected to be a significant performance booster in the ultra-dense deployment of small cells envisioned by an upcoming 5th generation (5G) Radio Access Technology (RAT). However, hardware limitations of the radio- frequency front-end and poor covariance matrix estimation may severely compromise its ideal...
This paper aims at evaluating different mechanisms for providing Inter-Frequency (IF) Load Balancing (LB) in multi-layer heterogeneous deployments. More specifically, the performance of IF mobility management based on signal quality measurements is compared against a load-dependent Traffic Steering (TS) framework that triggers IF mobility events only if load imbalance is detected. To evaluate the...
In the existing scheduled radio standards using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) modulation, the Cyclic Prefix (CP) duration is usually hard-coded and set as a compromise between the expected channel characteristics and the necessity of fitting a predefined frame duration. This may lead to system inefficiencies as well as bad...
The 3.5 GHz band is a strong candidate for future urban micro cell deployment with base station antennas located below rooftop. Compared to other frequency bands, propagation in the 3.5 GHz band is relatively unexplored for the micro cell deployment. This paper presents a measurement-based analysis of outdoor and outdoor-to-indoor propagation at 3.5 GHz in comparison to the more well-known frequency...
The 5th generation (5G) of mobile radio access technologies is expected to become available for commercial launch around 2020. In this paper, we present our envisioned 5G system design optimized for small cell deployment taking a clean slate approach, i.e. removing most compatibility constraints with the previous generations of mobile radio access technologies. This paper mainly covers the physical...
Despite being a simple and commonly-applied radio optimization technique, the impact on practical network performance from base station antenna downtilt is not well understood. Most published studies based on empirical path loss models report tilt angles and performance gains that are far higher than practical experience suggests. We motivate in this paper, based on a practical LTE scenario, that...
This paper studies indoor Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11ac deployment as a capacity expansion solution of LTE-A (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) network to achieve 1000 times higher capacity. Besides increasing the traffic volume by a factor of x1000, we also increase the minimum target user data rate to 10Mbit/s. The objective is to understand the performance and offloading capability of Wi-Fi 802.11ac at 5GHz...
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