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In this paper, we address the challenges of Data Centers (DCs) as ancillary service providers in the Smart Grid context. A DC power management methodology has been defined for scheduling of electrical and thermal components. As a result, the power demand of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning) system and the power produced via back-up generators adapts to sudden changes in frequency of the...
This paper describes a modeling and optimization of operation for small compressed-air energy systems (CAES) in the range of kW, typical of small and medium enterprises (SME) and energy intensive industry. These CAES are equipped with air storage. This paper analyzes how those systems may provide flexibility for electrical Demand Response (DR) in city districts. The paper presents first, the modeling...
A growing penetration of decentralized power generation (especially photovoltaics) and additional distributed loads is expected in future energy systems in Germany. This paper investigates the impact on the electrical grid of heat-driven as opposed to electrical-driven control of energy systems in buildings. Different penetrations of the building energy systems are additionally analyzed to show their...
This paper presents the concept of Dual Demand Side Management (2DSM) as an evolution of the conventional Demand Side Management concept. 2DSM accounts at the same time on one hand for the local needs, i.e. energy efficiency of the building stock as well as optimization of the local distribution grid and on the other hand for the challenges of the higher level electrical grid arising from the integration...
This paper describes the financial benefits of consumers while applying different operating modes to their heat pump. In order to evaluate the different operating modes a single family house with heating system has been modeled and simulated with different operation strategies of the heating system and exposed to different electricity tariff schemes. Due to the detailed building model the comfort...
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