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In distributed applications, a group of multiple processes are cooperating with one another by exchanging messages in networks. Information systems like cloud computing systems are getting scalable, which are composed of a huge number of processes. We assume a physical clock which each process reads is synchronized with a time sever, i.e. maximum offset of each clock to UTC time is bounded by some...
In order to realize green ecosocieties, the total electric power consumption of computers and networks is required to be reduced. In applications on distributed systems, clients issue service requests to servers and then servers send replies to clients. Here, we discuss how much electric power a server consumes since the power consumption of a client is neglectable compared with a server. We classify...
In distributed systems, a group of multiple processes are required to cooperate with each other to achieve some objectives. In this paper, we consider a distributed system where there is o centralized coordinator. Each member process is peer, i.e. each peer has to autonomously make a decision by itself through communicating with other peers in a group. Each peer sends a message to every peer and every...
In peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks, a group of multiple peers have to cooperate with each other. P2P systems are in nature scalable, distributed systems, where there is no centralized coordinator. Hence, a group of peers is required to be scalable in P2P overlay networks. Each peer sends a message to every peer and every other peer receives the message in a group. In group communication, each...
Replicas of multimedia objects are distributed to peers in overlay networks. In quorum-based (QB) protocols, every replica may not be up-to-date and the up-to-date replica can be found in the version counter. Multimedia objects are characterized in terms of not only data structure but also quality of service (QoS) parameters like frame rate. Each parameter of a replica is read while there is a read...
In order to realize digital ecosystems, the total electric power consumption of servers to perform application processes has to be reduced in information systems. Applications are classified into three types, computation, communication, and storage based types. In the computation and communication types of applications, CPU and communication resources of computers are mainly consumed, respectively...
Information systems are being shifted to scalable architectures like Cloud and peer-to-peer (P2P) models. In this paper, we consider the P2P model as a fully distributed, scalable system different from centralized coordination systems in Cloud and Grid systems. A P2P system is composed of peer processes (peers). Here, applications are realized by activities and cooperation among multiple peers. In...
Information systems are being shifted to scalable architectures like Cloud and peer-to-peer (P2P) models. In this paper, we consider the P2P model as a fully distributed, scalable system different from centralized coordination systems in Cloud and Grid systems. A P2P system is composed of peer processes (peers). Here, applications are realized by activities and cooperations among multiple peers. In...
In order to realize digital ecosystems, the total electric power consumption of servers to perform applications has to be reduced in information systems. Applications are classified into computation, communication, and storage based types. In the computation and communication based applications, CPU and communication resources of computers are mainly consumed, respectively. In the storage-based applications,...
In information systems, it is critical to reduce the total electrical power consumption of computers and networks in order to realize the digital ecosystems and the green IT technologies. In the extended power consumption laxity-based (EPCLB) algorithm, a server is selected in a set of servers so as to not only satisfy deadline constraint but also reduce the total power consumption of servers in general...
Nowadays more and more information systems are being shifted to distributed architectures because of the benefits like scalability, autonomy, and faulty-tolerance implied from the essence of the distributed systems. Here, every process is peer and cooperates with other peers to achieve common goal. In order to do that, peers have to efficiently and flexibly make an agreement on one common value which...
It is now critical to reduce the consumption of natural resources, especially petroleum. Even in information systems, we have to reduce the total electrical power consumption. We classify network applications to two types of applications, transaction and communication based ones. In this paper, we consider communication based applications like the file transfer protocol (FTP). A computer named server...
It is now critical to reduce the consumption of natural resources, especially petroleum to resolve air pollutions. Even in information systems, we have to reduce the total electrical power consumption. A cloud computing system is composed of a huge number of server computers like google file systems. There are many discussions on how to reduce the total power consumption of servers, e. g. by turning...
In order to realize eco societies, we have to reduce the total electrical power consumption in information systems. We classify network applications to transaction and communication based applications. While CPU resources of servers are mainly consumed in the transaction based ones, a large volume of data is transmitted by a server to a client in the communication based ones like file transfer protocol...
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