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Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines. Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers (PODE), which features high cetane number, low viscosity and high oxygen content, is often used as a fuel additive. In this study, PODE is blended with biodiesel as a major components of the fuel to improve the low-temperature flow properties and the viscosity of biodiesel, aiming to achieve superior engine...
A reduced 11-component (n-heptane, iso-octane, toluene, ethanol, methanol, n-decane, n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, diisobutylene, cyclohexane and methyl-cyclohexane) chemical mechanism consisting of 178 species and 758 reactions is proposed for combustion and soot formation predictions of wide distillation fuel (WDF) covering gasoline, jet and diesel fuels. Six different classes of hydrocarbons (straight...
In this study, the spray characteristics of a five-hole gasoline direct injector were investigated in a constant volume vessel. The absolute ambient pressure ranged from 0.5 to 10.0bar, and the fuel temperatures were 20°C and 80°C. High-speed imaging and phase Doppler measurement technique were utilized to investigate the spray morphology and the droplet dynamics, respectively. Spray collapses were...
Recently the performance of dual fuel strategy on multi-cylinder engines over the whole engine map has received increasing attention. This research focuses on the potential of Homogeneous Charge Induced Ignition (HCII) combustion fueled with gasoline and diesel meeting Euro V emission standard through the whole operating range using a simple after-treatment system. This combustion mode utilizes a...
The flash boiling sprays in a single-cylinder optical gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine were studied using phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) and high-speed photography. Initially, the factors which may influence the in-cylinder measurement reliability of PDPA were carefully examined under atmospheric conditions. Afterwards, engine experiments were conducted under idle and wide open throttle...
Compared to natural gas spark-ignition (SI) combustion, dual-fuel (DF) mode could achieve higher indicated thermal efficiency (ITE). The major disadvantages of natural gas DF combustion are rough combustion at high load, high CO and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions, and low natural gas substitution rate. In the present work, a comparison of using polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODEn) and diesel...
GDP is a blend fuel containing gasoline, diesel, and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE). Previous study has shown that by combining premixed ratio and high fuel oxygen content, GDP partially premixed combustion ignition (PPCI) broke the trade-off between NOx and soot with moderate exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) while maintaining high engine efficiency. In this work, multiple premixed compression...
Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) are a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines. PODE have high volatility, high ignitability and high oxygen content, and is thus also an ideal additive fuel for blend and dual-fuel combustion due to its low-temperature chemistry. In this work, the characteristics of PODE homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion are investigated for the...
This paper investigates using EGR instead of throttle to control the load of a stoichiometric dual-fuel dieseline (diesel and gasoline) compression ignition (SDCI) engine for reducing fuel consumption and emissions in future internal combustion engines. To investigate the combustion process in the SDCI mode, the flame development in a single-cylinder optical engine with a dual injection (PFI+DI system)...
In this study, one of the five jets issued from a 5-hole Direct Injection (DI) injector was studied in detail using Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) and high speed imaging techniques. The tests were carried out in a constant volume vessel with absolute ambient pressures ranging from 0.05 to 0.5MPa and injection pressures ranging from 6.0 to 15.0MPa. Throughout the test conditions, the jet trajectory...
To understand soot formation in a diesel engine fueled with different biodiesels, a numerical study was performed using the KIVA-3V code, combined with a multi-step phenomenological soot model. The simulations were used to predict differences in soot formation for three various biodiesel feedstock types. Good agreements on soot emissions were achieved in comparisons of engine experiments and simulations...
This experimental work systematically compares the stoichiometric alcohol–gasoline and gasoline–alcohol Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition (DFSI) combustion for engine particle number (PN) reduction and fuel economy improvement using a high compression ratio gasoline engine. Alcohol–gasoline DFSI is based on port fuel injection (PFI) of alcohols with high oxygenated content, high octane number and high latent...
This paper investigates an experimental study of Alcohols–gasoline Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition (DFSI) Combustion for knock suppression and high fuel efficiency using a gasoline engine with high compression ratio. Alcohols–gasoline DFSI is organized using a port-fuel-injection (PFI) of high oxygenated, high latent heat and high octane number fuel to suppress knock and a direct injection (DI) of high energy...
Pentanol is one of the next generation biofuels that could potentially help relieve the energy crisis and environmental problems. The objective of this study is to reveal the effects of pentanol addition to diesel and biodiesel fuels in different ratios on the combustion and emission of a single-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. The tests were conducted at a constant speed (1600r/min) under...
Occurrence of sporadic super-knock is the main obstacle in the development of advanced gasoline engines. By utilizing a rapid compression machine, events of pre-ignition and super-knock in a closed system under high temperature and high pressure were captured by synchronous high-speed direct photography and pressure measurement, with the results demonstrating that the mechanism of super-knock is constituted...
A novel fuel named the Full Distillation Fuel (FDF) is proposed in this paper to lower the full life-cycle cost of the end use of petroleum-based fuels and reduce emissions. FDF is a liquid fuel and its distillation temperature range covers gasoline, kerosene and diesel fuel. There is no need to employ different distillation and refinery processes to produce gasoline and diesel fuels; instead, a single...
Liquid-phase penetration, flame lift-off location and soot volume fraction distribution of gasoline–diesel blended fuel jets (gasoline volume fraction 0%, 20%, 40% and 60%) were measured in a constant volume vessel to investigate the combustion and soot formation processes of the wide-distillation fuel. The test was conducted under a constant ambient condition (Ta=830K, Pa=4MPa) with fixed injection...
Wide Distillation Fuel (WDF) refers to the fuels with a distillation range from initial boiling point (IBP) of gasoline to final boiling point (FBP) of diesel. In this paper, the WDF was prepared by blending diesel fuel and different gasoline fuels with various RONs (90#, 97# and 100#). Experiments were conducted on a direct injection diesel engine with these fuels to investigate the sensitivity of...
Flame-induced auto-ignition (FIAI), where spark-triggered flame propagation causes auto-ignition without engine knock, is one of the promising high-efficiency combustion modes. FIAI and SI knocking combustion have several similarities; however, the former is beneficial to thermal efficiency, and the latter should be avoided for engine safety. This study investigates the flame structures, intermediate...
The high load operations under low temperature combustion (LTC) strategies are investigated by using diesel, gasoline, n-butanol and ethanol, on the high compression ratio engines. In order to best suit the LTC operations, the fuel delivery strategies are designed in commensurate with fuel properties, for either a single fuel or the dual fuel uses. Engine tests are conducted at load levels of 0.8–1...
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