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A distinctive property of partially ionized plasmas is that such plasmas are always in a non-equilibrium state: the electrons are not in thermal equilibrium with the neutral species and ions, and the electrons are also not in thermodynamic equilibrium within their own ensemble, which results in a significant departure of the electron velocity distribution function from a Maxwellian. These non-equilibrium...
A miniaturized cylindrical Hall thruster (CHT) is studied using a 2-D hybrid model. The simulation results are compared with experimental results for 100-W laboratory CHT. The channel of this thruster has a short coaxial part and a longer cylindrical region with a larger volume-to-surface ratio to reduce erosion. The 2-D model combines a fluid description of the electrons (continuity and momentum...
Summary form only given. Hall thruster is a mature electric propulsion device that holds considerable promise in terms of the propellant saving potential. The annular design of the conventional Hall thruster, however, does not naturally lend itself to scaling to low power. The efficiency tends to be lower, and the lifetime issues are more aggravated. Cylindrical geometry Hall thrusters have lower...
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