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Uniform planar antenna (UPA) structures are expected to become popular for massive multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) systems because they enable deployment of a large number of antennas in limited space. In frequency division duplexing (FDD) systems, quantized channel state information (CSI) should be fed back from users to base stations to make adaptive transmission possible. However, it is...
A concept of full-dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) adopting 2-dimensional (2D) antenna array has been proposed with intent to cope with practical challenges of massive MIMO systems. In this paper, we investigate an FD-MIMO operation that can be transparently applied with current 3GPP LTE specifications, and propose a novel method that facilitates an accurate estimation of channel quality indicator (CQI) at...
It is of great interest to develop efficient ways to acquire accurate channel state information (CSI) for massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) systems using frequency division duplexing (FDD). It is theoretically well known that the codebook size (in bits) for CSI quantization should be increased as the number of transmit antennas becomes larger, and 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced...
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with uniform planar arrays (UPAs), which is often referred to as full-dimension (FD) MIMO, is being strongly considered for future wireless communication standards. FD-MIMO can control transmit and receive beams in both the horizontal and vertical domains and fully exploit the large number of antennas of massive MIMO. It is widely accepted that Kronecker-product...
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