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Steam flow is the main form for energy transfer in power plants, process industries, etc. The flow rate of the steam relates to the energy transfer amount directly. Pressure reducing valves are used for flow rate control of the compressible superheated steam in these piping systems. In this paper, a pressure reducing valve with a novel valve core is proposed. In order to analyze the internal flow...
The decoupling analysis is a useful method to study the relationship between economic growth (GDP) and energy consumption or environment issue. However, no paper has paid attention to why does decoupling indicator changes over time? Based on the Log-Mean Divisia Index (LMDI), this paper provides a new way to study the changes of C-G (CO2 emission-GDP) decoupling indicator in China. The changes of...
One of the most stable byproducts of biodiesel industry is glycerol, for which there’s lack of a large-scale application currently. Thermal plasma treatment is a potentially viable means of recycling glycerol by converting it into syngas. In this work, a rotating DC arc plasma reactor was used to decompose glycerol in order to produce syngas. The effect of plasma input power, glycerol feed rate, and...
The purpose of this paper is to assess the status and progress of rural household energy sustainable development in China. A new composite indicator, rural energy sustainable development index (RESDI), is developed based on the improved grouped principal component analysis method (GPCA) which is the combination utilization of principal component analysis (PCA), factor analysis (FA), and entropy weight...
NaGd(WO4):Tb3+ phosphors are synthesized successfully by the microwave-assist hydrothermal process. The TEM (Transmission electron microscopy) images show that the addition of PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) has an obvious influence on the morphology of samples. NaGd(WO4):Tb3+ samples are of microspindles and microcuboids when 0.45 g and 1.00 g of PVP are added in the synthesis. The XRD patterns and Raman...
Observations of UV radiation (290–400 nm) at Yanting, China (31°16′ N, 105°27′ E and 420 m above sea level) from 2005 to 2012 were used for investigating UV variability and its relationship with global solar radiation in Southwest China. Daily UV/G ratios generally increased from 3.7% in January to 4.5% in July with annual mean value of 4.2%. Clearness index was used for characterizing sky conditions...
Measurements of ultraviolet (UV) radiation at 38 stations from Chinese Ecosystem Research Network during 2006–2012 were used for reconstructing the historical UV levels in China for the first time. UV models were introduced by analyzing the dependence of UV irradiation on clearness index (Kt) and cosine of solar zenith angle under any sky conditions in each station. Mean bias error (MBE), mean-absolute...
As one of the largest energy consumer in the world, China has been facing great pressure to guarantee energy supply security. Investigating the driving forces dominating China energy consumption levels and their evolution may help to institute energy saving policy. Nowadays, the LMDI (logarithmic mean Divisia index) method has become a popular tool to find the nature of the factors that influence...
The objective of this paper is to identify the factors that contribute to the change in rural residential commercial energy consumption in China by utilizing the LMDI (Log Mean Divisia Index) method. Then the decoupling index is developed based on those factors to evaluate the progress in decoupling energy consumption from per capita annual net income of rural households. The results show that: (1)...
With the intensification of global warming, the issue of carbon emissions causes more and more attention in recent years. In this paper, China’s 30 provincial-level administrative units are divided into five emission regions according to the annual average value of provincial CO 2 emissions per capita during 1990 and 2010. The regional differences in impact factors on CO 2 emissions...
Transportation sector accounts for a major share of energy consumption in China, especially the petroleum products, which experienced rapid increases in energy demand. The purpose of this study is to forecast transport energy demand for 2010, 2015 and 2020 based on partial least square regression (PLSR) method under two scenarios. Transport energy demand is analyzed for the period of 1990–2006 based...
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