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As a result of their interaction with an operating wave in a backward-wave oscillator (BWO), electrons give up their energy to the electromagnetic field and acquire a large energy spread. The energy spread decreases the space-charge-limiting current, which can result in the formation of a virtual cathode (VC) for low-energy electrons in the output channel. We analyze the influence of electrons reflected...
Summary form only given. One of the important problems for high power microwave sources is to provide removal of spent electrons to avoid overheating and erosion of the output channel, part of which is used as the electron dump. An effective solution of this problem is achieved by spreading the electrons along the surface of the output channel. However, it is noted that changing the location of the...
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