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Harvesting energy from radio frequency (RF) waves brings us closer to achieving the goal for perpetual operation of a wireless sensor network (WSN) by replenishing the batteries of the sensor nodes. However, due to restrictions on the maximum transmitted power, path loss, and receiver sensitivity, only a small amount of energy can be harvested. While a dedicated RF source alleviates the problem to...
Energy efficiency is one of the most important criteria in the design of a wireless sensor network. Sensor nodes are usually battery-powered and thus have very limited lifetime. In this paper, we introduce a novel passive wake-up radio device named WISP-Mote that uses a passive RFID tag as a wake-up receiver for a traditional sensor node. We characterize the WISP-Mote with field tests in different...
Batteries of field nodes in a wireless sensor network pose an upper limit on the network lifetime. Energy harvesting and harvesting aware medium access control protocols have the potential to provide uninterrupted network operation, as they aim to replenish the lost energy so that energy neutral operation of the energy harvesting nodes can be achieved. To further improve the energy harvesting process,...
Several Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks with the objective of minimizing energy consumption. For example, Sensor-MAC (S-MAC) was proposed to reduce energy consumption by introducing a duty cycle. However, S-MAC cannot handle variable loads because of its static duty cycle. Timeout-MAC (T-MAC) introduced an adaptive duty cycle to handle variable...
Network-wide broadcasting and multicasting are two important routing schemes used in group communications. In network-wide broadcasting, generated packets at the source node are distributed to all nodes in the network, while multicasting delivers the packets only to a subset of the nodes by creating and maintaining a data dissemination structure. Due to the overhead in multicasting, in certain situations,...
In this paper, we propose an iteration-free algorithm to find the optimal configuration, including transmit power and source coding rates, to maximize the lifetime of a cluster utilizing Slepian-Wolf source coding of data sent to a fusion center. Exact closed form solutions are derived when the fusion center is not energy constrained. When the fusion center is energy constrained, a near optimum solution...
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