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This paper proposes an approach to model switched Ethernet communication within a model- and component-based software development framework for vehicular distributed embedded systems. The paper also presents a method to extract the network timing model from the systems that use switched Ethernet networks. In order to provide a proof of concept, an existing industrial component model and its tool suite,...
The Controller Area Network (CAN) is widely utilized in many industrial real-time applications. As a real-time communication network, the predictability of timing behaviors is very important. Therefore, many works have been proposed regarding the schedulability analysis of CAN messages. Most of the existing analysis approaches are based on a traditional periodic message model. However, in some applications,...
In recent years, the complexity of real-time embedded systems has increased dramatically. For those modern real-time systems, the limitations of original static Response Time Analysis (RTA) become more and more conspicuous. Most static analysis methods not only require much detailed system information, but also only target to some specific system model with non-realistic assumptions. As a result,...
Hierarchical scheduling has major benefits when it comes to integrating hard real-time applications. One of those benefits is that it gives a clear runtime separation of applications in the time domain. This in turn gives a protection against timing error propagation in between applications. However, these benefits rely on the assumption that the scheduler itself schedules applications correctly according...
Hierarchical scheduling frameworks (HSFs) provide means for composing complex real-time systems from well-defined independently developed and analyzed subsystems. To support shared logical resources requiring mutual exclusive access in two-level HSFs, overrun without payback has been proposed as a mechanism to prevent budget depletion during resource access arbitrated by the stack resource policy...
In this paper, we look at identifying temporal differences between different versions of Complex Real-Time Embedded Systems (CRTES) by using timing traces representing response times and execution times of tasks. In particular, we are interested in being able to reason about whether a particular change to CRTES will impact on their temporal performance, which is difficult to answer due to the complicated...
Real-time embedded systems are becoming ever more complex, and we are reaching the stage where even if static Response-Time Analysis (RTA) was feasible from a cost and technical perspective, the results are overly pessimistic making them less useful to the practitioner. When combined with the fact that most timing analysis tends to be statistical in nature, this suggests there should be a move toward...
To maintain, analyze and reuse many of today's Complex Real-Time Embedded Systems (CRTES) is very difficult and expensive, which, nevertheless, offers high business value in response to great concern in industry. In such context, not only functional behavior but also non-functional properties of systems have to be assured, i.e., Worst-Case Response Time (WCRT) of tasks has to be known. However, due...
This paper presents Rapid RT, a novel statistical approach to Worst-Case Response-Time (WCRT) analysis targeting complex embedded real-time systems. The proposed algorithm combines Extreme Value Theory (EVT) and other statistical methods in order to produce a probabilistic WCRT estimate. This estimate is calculated using response time data from either Monte Carlo simulations of a detailed model of...
In hierarchical scheduling, a system is organized into multiple levels of individually scheduled subsystems (hierarchical scheduling tree), which provides several benefits for developers including possibilities for parallel development of subsystems. In this paper, we study how the model of task automata and the Times tool can be applied to provide support for rapid and early prototyping of hierarchically...
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