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China's Mars probe including an orbiter and a landing rover will be launched by 2020. A subsurface penetrating radar (SPR) instrument has been selected to be a part of the payload on the rover. The main scientific objective of the SPR is to characterize the thickness and sub-layer distribution of the Martian soil. The SPR consists of two channels. The low frequency channel of the SPR will provide...
Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) is a high resolution penetrating and imaging radar, which is a main payload onboard the detector of Chang'E-5. It is mounted on the bottom of the detector of Chang'E-5 and its main task is to survey the lunar regolith thickness and subsurface structure of landing domain. Because the detector is static, LRPR has to work only in stationary condition and is designed...
In recent years, the shield tunneling method has been widely used in the construction of urban underground space. Through using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for nondestructive testing of the distribution of grouting behind segments of shield tunnel, secondary compensatory grouting can be carried out, which is aimed at controlling the final longitudinal settlement of the tunnel. In this paper, the...
Transition metal sulfides with small bandgap are attractive for solar cell applications since most transition metals are abundant and many can be deposited in solution. Pyrite FeS2, with a bandgap of 0.95 eV, is one of the most desirable for solar cell applications. The problem with FeS2 is that its bandgap is ∼0.45 eV smaller than the optimum bandgap for maximum efficiency, which should be ∼1.4 eV...
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