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We have demonstrated ultrasmall buried heterostructure photonic crystal lasers. Very low threshold optical power in butt-jointed InP waveguide of 1.5 μW and maximum fiber output of 0.44 μW are achieved. High-speed direct modulation (3-dB modulation bandwidth of 5.5 GHz) is also demonstrated at room temperature by optical pumping.
An ultracompact buried heterostructure photonic crystal nanocavity laser exhibits a small energy cost of 8.76 fJ/bit with 20-Gbit/s modulation by optical pumping. The maximum output power in waveguide and the external differential quantum efficiency are -10.3 dBm and 53%, respectively.
A filter-free widely tunable wavelength converter was developed by monolithically integrating a tunable laser based on a double-ring resonator and an optical gate based on a parallel amplifier structure. Wavelength conversion for a 10-Gbit/s NRZ signal is also demonstrated, tunable over a 40-nm range.
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