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Cocaine blocks plasma membrane monoamine transporters and increases extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5‐HT). The addictive properties of cocaine are mediated primarily by DA, while NE and 5‐HT play modulatory roles. Chronic inhibition of dopamine β‐hydroxylase (DBH), which converts DA to NE, increases the aversive effects of cocaine and reduces cocaine use in...
In vitro, D2 dopamine receptors (DAR) can exist in low‐ and high‐affinity states for agonists and increases of D2 receptors in high‐affinity state have been proposed to underlie DA receptor supersensitivity in vivo. Deletion of the gene for dopamine β‐hydroxylase (DBH) causes mice to become hypersensitive to the effects of psychostimulants, and in vitro radioligand binding results suggest an increased...
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